Cards (68)

  • SPICESS
    Space, Place, Interconnection, Change, Environment, Sustainability, Scale
  • Space
    Geographers use the key concept of space when investigating the way that things are arranged on the Earth's surface. They also investigate the ways people use and change the spaces in which they live.
  • Place
    part of the Earth's surface that is identified and given meaning by people.
  • Interconnection
    All environments and every living and non-living thing are connected. Geographers use this concept of interconnection to better understand the links between places and people, and how these interconnections affect the environment and the way we live.
  • Change
    The concept of change is important in geography because it helps us to understand what is happening around us and to see the world as a dynamic place.
  • Environment (SPICESS)
    the living and non-living components and elements that make up an area, and the ways they are organised into a system.
  • Sustainability
    relates to the ongoing capacity of the Earth to maintain all life.
  • Scale
    used to guide geographical inquiries.
    Geographers study things that take place on many different spatial levels
  • Environment
    all the living and non-living components within and surrounding a place.
  • Habitat
    area of an environment in which an organism lives
  • Atmosphere
    the mixture of gases that surround the Earth
  • Lithosphere
    the mixture of rocks that make up the Earth's mass, including the solid land mass on the Earth's surface, the molten rocks beneath the crust and the mantle and the liquid rocks near the Earth's core
  • Hydrosphere
    the water on the Earth's surface, including water in gaseous, liquid and solid form
  • Biosphere
    all living things on the Earth which rely on the other three spheres (atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere) for survival
  • Ecosystem
    a community of living organisms that interact with the non living components within an environment
  • Fossil Fuels
    resources such as coal and gas that were formed from the buried and decaying remains of organisms
  • Degradation
    reduction in the quality and health of a natural environment due to natural processes or human activities
  • Types of Environments
    Land, Deserts, Forests, Inland water environments, Coastal environments, Marine environments and Urban environments.
  • Zones of Coastal Environments
    Backshore, foreshore, nearshore and offshore
  • Backshore
    This area extends inland from the high-tide mark all the way to the highest point that water will reach during a storm.This region often contains dunes that are formed by sand transported and deposited by wind.
  • Foreshore
    Also known as the intertidal zone.This area extends from the low-tide to the high-tide mark. It contains landforms such as berms, running parallel to the coastline.
  • Nearshore
    This is the area of the coast that is always underwater, extending from the shoreline to just beyond the point where waves break in the surf zone.This area contains ridges of sand known as sandbars.
  • Offshore
    This is the area beyond the nearshore zone, containing deeper water that stretches all the way to the edge of the continental shelf.
  • Urbanisation
    movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, causing the size of the urban area to grow.
  • Urban sprawl
    growth of cities outwards into surrounding rural and bushland areas
  • Infill development
    development of an area of vacant urban land within an already existing city
  • Urban renewal
    redevelopment of an area within a large city that was previously run-down and underutilised
  • Types of environmental worldviews
    Human centred, Life centred and Earth centred
  • Environmental worldview
    an opinion, belief, idea or way of thinking about the value of the environment
  • Anthropocentrism
    a belief in humans and their existence as the most important and central fact in the universe
  • Ecocentrism
    a belief that humans are a part of nature and should act to care for its health
  • Biocentrism
    a belief that ethical treatment should be given to all living things
  • Human centred worldview
    People who exhibit a human-centred worldview believe humans are the most important species on Earth and the pursuit of economic growth is imperative.
  • Life centred worldview
    A life-centred worldview promotes humans to act as stewards for the environment.
    Belief that humans should pursue economic growth but manage their impact on the environment with sustainable choices.
  • Earth centred worldview
    They argue that nature exists to support all life, not just humans.
  • State of equilibrium
    a balance between all of the components within an ecosystem
  • Human-induced
    changes caused by human activities (in contrast to natural changes)
  • Greenhouse effect
    an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere, that is believed to be the cause of a gradual warming of the surface of the Earth.
  • Anthropogenic
    caused by human activity
  • Factors that influence environmental change
    Social, historical, economic, environmental/physical, political and technological. (SHEEPT)