Q.E 15

• Serum – is the remaining pale-yellowish liquid when the clotted material where removed from the blood
• ANTI-SERUM – The serum that contains antibodies
• Antigens – are defined as substances recognized by the body to produce an antibody to react specially to it
• Antibody – is a protein that destroys or inactivates a specific antigen. Usually denotes using the prefix “anti”.
• Microscopic Exam – examination of menstrual blood corpuscles to differentiate mammal blood to other animals
• Spectroscopic method – characteristic absorption band to Frauen Holfer lines
• Semen – viscid gelatinous, sticky character but after exposure teds to become more liquid due to enzyme action
• 1.5-3.5 ML – normal quantity in a single ejaculation
• Spermatozoa – healthy young man is about 400 to 500 ml
• Aspermia/ Oligospermia – sperm disease
• Microscopic examination – the sperm cell was stained and viewed under a high-power microscope.
• Ultraviolet examination – seminal stain exhibit bright bluish fluorescence.
• Florence test – named after introduction of Dr Florence of Lyons, France for this test. Based on formation of choline

  periodize crystal, a dark brown rhombic or needle shape
• Barberios test – spermine picrate, a slender yellow tinted rhombic needle with obtuse angles and sometimes appeared

  as ovoid crystals.
• Acid phosphatase – Dr Sidney Kaye, a specific sperm test for human, forming orange-ed pigment
• Forensic entomology – is a branch which makes use of insects in the detection of crime and used to calculate the time

  since death
• Blood stain pattern analysis – focuses on the analysis of the size, shape, and distribution of blood stain resulting from

  blood shed events as a means of determining the types of activities and mechanisms that produce them
• Dr. Edward Piotrowski – published the first study of BPA regarding “Origin, shape, direction and distribution of blood

  stain following head wounds caused by blows”
• Dr. Paul Jeserich – documented study of blood stain patterns of his examined homicide scenes during the first decade of

  20th century
• Dr. Victor Baltazard – conducted original research and experimentation with blood stain trajectories and patterns

  presented in 22nd Congress of Forensic Medicine entitled “Research on Blood Spatte