Organic Chem

• A compound is more likely to undergo substitution reactions if it has single bonds, double bonds or triple bonds? single bonds
• In organic chemistry, elements with all single bonds are known as? Saturated hydrocarbons
• In organic chemistry, elements with either double or triple bonds are known as? Unsaturated hydrocarbons
• Structural isomers have the same molecular formula, but different structures
• Geometric isomers have the same molecular formula, but different arrangements. They are either cis or trans
• Cis means that 2 of the same molecules are on the same side
• Trans means that 2 of the same molecules are on opposite sides
• Identical structures have the same arrangement of atoms and bonds. They will have the same number of carbon atoms
• Alcohol has an OH bonded to a C atom. The suffix for this is -ol
• The oxidation of primary alcohols result in aldehydes in the first step, then form carboxylic acid for the final product
• Secondary alcohols are oxidised to ketones
• Tertiary alcohols are resistant to oxidation because there are no R groups
• Ethers have oxygen bonded between two carbon atoms (R groups)
• Aldehydes have a carbon to oxygen double bond, and a carbon to hydrogen bond. The suffix is -al
• Ketones have a carbon to oxygen double bond between 2 carbon atoms. The suffix is -one
• Carboxylic acids have a carbon to oxygen double bond, where the carbon is also bonded to OH. The suffix is -oic acid
• Esters have a carbon to oxygen double bond, where the carbon is bonded to another oxygen and R group. The suffix is -ate
• Primary amines have nitrogen bonded to 2 hydrogens and an R group. The suffix is -amine
• Amides have a carbon to oxygen double bond, where the carbon is also bonded to a nitrogen, which is bonded to one or more R groups
• What is the condensed structural formula for an Alkane? CnH2n+2
• Prefix according to the number of carbon atoms:

  1. meth
  2. eth
  3. prop
  4. but
  5. pet
  6. hex
  7. hept
  8. oct
  9. non
  10. dec