Religion ISLAM

• Quraysh


  The tribe Mahammad was born in
• Mahammad was born


  570 AD
• Beliefs of the Bedouin people


  • Polytheistic
  • Animism
• Ka'Ba has over 360 statues
• Mahammad was an orphan
• Mahammad's dad died before he was born
• Mahammad's mom died when he was a little boy
• Makkah was changed to Mecca in the 1980's
• Bedouin


  The tribe Mahammad was born into
• Pre Islamic religion Arabia

  Arabia prior to the 6th and the 7th century AD
• Arabia


  • Vast desert country
  • Also had fertile areas and oases
• Social structure


  • Tribal
  • Bedouins (nomadic desert people) who would move from one oasis to another
• Muhammad


  Member of the Quraysh tribe which was the dominant tribe of Mecca
• Mecca


  • Important spot because it was on a trade route
  • Contained the Kaaba, a black basalt structure housing hundreds of idols
• Quraysh


  • Profited from the Kaaba because people came from far and wide to worship the idols
  • They were the caretakers and charged entry
• Bedouin people


  • Polytheistic
  • Had a system of gods to whom they would offer sacrifice
  • Animistic - believing there were spirits in landforms
• There is evidence the Bedouin had contact with the monotheistic Jewish people who often employed them on their farms
• 576CE Mother Amina dies
• 578CE Uncle Abu Talib adopts Muhammad
• 590CE First revelation at age 40
• 593CE Birth of first child Qasim
• 592CE Marriage to Khadija
• The Qur'an is the holy book of Muslims, revealed in stages to the prophet Muhammad over 23 years old.
• Qur'anic revelations are regarded by Muslims as the sacred word of god, intended to correct an errors in previous holy books such as the Old and New Testamens.
• The Qur'an was revealed to the prophet Muhammad by God in Arabic.

  Some Qur'anic fragments have been dated as far back as the eighth, and possibly even the seventh, century. The oldest existing copy of the full text is from the ninth century.
• All though early varients of the Qur'an are known to have existed, Muslims believe that the text we have today was establised shortly after the death of the Prophet by the Caliph Uthman.
• There are 114 chapters in the Qur'an, which is written in the old Arabic dialect.
• All the chapters except 1 begin with the sentence Bismillahir rahmanir raheem, 'In the name of Allah' the most merciful and the most kind'. This is the thought with which Muslims should start every action.
• Sura means chapter or section.
• The Qur'an is divided into sections called suras (singular sura).
• Muslims believe that the Qur'an contains all knowledge necessary for salvation and that it has not changed since its original revelation.
• The longest chapter of the Qur'an is Surah Baqarah (The Cow) with 286 verses and the shortest is Surah Al-Kawther (Abundance) which has 3 verses.
• The arrangment if Surahs does not correspond to the chronological order in which they were revealed
• The qur'an is sometimes divided into 30 roughly equal parts, known as Juz'. These divisions make it easier for Muslims to read the Qur'an during the course of a month and many will read on Juz' each day, particulary during the month of Ramadan.
• Translations of the Qur'an exist in over 40 languages but Muslims are still taught to learn and recite it in Arabic, even if this is not their native language and they cannot converse in it.
• Quran


  The sacred text of Islam, believed to have been revealed to Muhammad by the angel Jibreel
• Quran


  • Has 114 chapters (Surahs)
  • Was revealed over 23 years
  • Contains many of the same stories as the Holy Bible but is believed to 'correct' mistakes in the Bible
  • Originally known as an oral tradition but started to be written down by the prophet's companions
  • First caliph Abu Bakr collected all the fragments after the prophet's death
  • Third caliph, Uthman collected them all into the order that we have today
  • The holy language of the Quran is Arabic and any version in another language is seen as a new book (not a translation)
  • Must be treated with respect at all times and never placed on the ground
• Sunnah


  Actions of Muhammad
• Hadiths


  Sayings of Muhammad
• The Quran and the books of Muhammad are used by Muslims for guidance and wisdom in their lives