DRILL

• Psychopathology


  The field concerned with the nature and development of abnormal behavior
• Psychopathology


  • It is the scientific study of mental disorders
  • It refers to the study of mental illness and the manifestations of behaviors
• 4D's of abnormal psychology

  • Dysfunction
  • Deviance
  • Danger
  • Distress
• Deviance

  • Dom's situation - wearing mismatched clothes, speaking in rhymes, using unconventional utensils
• Dysfunction


  • Raffy's situation - struggling to maintain daily responsibilities, cognitive impairments
• Stigma


  Judgemental glances and whispers reflecting the town's belief that seeking help is a sign of weakness
• Ego-dystonic

  When an individual's actions contradict their strong beliefs, causing unease or distress
• Phlegmatic


  Apathy and sluggishness
• Historical figure who advocated for humane treatment of mentally ill. Established Pennsylvania Hospital Mental Health Unit in 18th century

  • Benjamin Franklin
• During the last quarter of the 14th century, the bizarre behavior of people afflicted with psychological disorders was seen as the work of the devil and witches. It was believed that people were possessed by evil spirits that caused the misfortune of the people and community. This method was utilized to help cure mentally disturbed people.

  Exorcism
• Blind sight or Unconscious vision by Lawrence Weiskrantz
• Mass hysteria


  Social contagion
• Historical persecution of mentally ill

  • The Salem Trials
  • The Spanish Inquisition
• Syndrome


  A group of symptoms indicative of a specific disorder
• Moral management approach


  • Treatment of mentally ill during 18th and 19th centuries
• Vengeful spirits causing disease

  • Edimmu
• Lunatic


  Derived from the belief that abnormal behavior is caused by the full moon
• Diagnosis


  The process of determining whether a problem meets criteria for a psychological disorder
• Cultural syndromes


  Cluster of symptoms and attributions that tend to co-occur among individuals in specific cultural groups, communities, or contexts
• One-dimensional model


  A theory or model that explains a disorder based on a single factor
• Diathesis-stress model


  Individuals inherit a predisposition to a disorder, and it manifests with exposure to stressful events
• Learned helplessness


  Feeling hesitant and discontinuing efforts to seek approval due to unpredictable emotional reactions
• Reactivity


  Suspicious behavior that may distort observational data in diagnosing a psychological disorder
• Cross-cultural validation


  Ensuring a test accurately reflects individuals' capabilities across different cultural backgrounds
• Mental Status Examination (MSE)


  A comprehensive assessment of an individual's cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning
• Epidemiological research


  Investigating the prevalence and incidence of a condition to seek clues about its spread and control
• Reciprocal gene-environment model


  A model that explains the development of a disorder as a result of the interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental factors
• Chronic course


  A long-term and persistent pattern of symptoms and challenges associated with a disorder
• Etiology


  The study of the origins and causes of disorders, including biological, psychological, and social dimensions
• Reliability


  The consistency of diagnostic systems in providing the same diagnosis for a well-defined presenting problem
• Clinical interview


  The systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological, and social factors in an individual with a possible psychological disorder
• Neuropsychological testing


  Evaluates an individual's competence in various domains, including receptive and expressive language, attention and concentration, memory, motor skills, perceptual abilities, and learning and abstraction
• Cultural Idioms of Distress


  Ways of expressing distress that may not involve specific symptoms or syndromes, but provide collective, shared ways of experiencing and talking about personal or social concerns
• Behavioral perspective


  Abnormal behaviors are learned by the same processes as normal behaviors
• Triskaidekaphobia


  Fear of the number 13
• Khyal Cap


  Cambodian cultural syndrome characterized by symptoms resembling panic attacks, with catastrophic cognitions related to the belief in the rise of a windlike substance in the body causing serious effects
• Concepts of Distress

  • Cultural Idioms of Distress
  • Cultural Explanations
  • Cultural Syndromes
• Triskaidekaphobia


  Phobia of the number 13
• Khyal Cap


  Cambodian cultural syndrome characterized by symptoms resembling panic attacks, such as dizziness, palpitations, and shortness of breath, with catastrophic cognitions related to the belief in the rise of a windlike substance in the body causing serious effects
• Shen-k'uei


  Chinese cultural concept associated with "kidney deficiency"