Oscillation

• Typical Linear Motion Graphs 


  A particle’s repeatitive motion after regular time intervals is called periodic motion. The regular time interval is called its time period.
• Typical Harmonic Motion Graphs 


  This is the motion graph of a Simple Harmonic Oscillator
• Unstable System


  there are forces that act to pull the system away from equilibrium when disturbed.
• Stable systems 


  there are restoring forces and result in harmonic motion
• Oscillator 


  System in harmonic or periodic motion
• Cycle 


  unit of harmonic motion (complete back-and-forth motion)
• Phase


  position and direction of an oscillator in the cycle
• Period, T


  time for one cycle
• Frequency, f 


  number of cycles per second
• Angular frequency, w


  time rate of phase
• Displacement


  shortest distance from equilibrium position
• Amplitude, A


  maximum displacement
• Restoring face 


  it is a force that is directed toward the equilibrium position and proportional to the displacement of the oscillator from the equilibrium position. It maintains the system to be in equilibrium.
• According to the first law, an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a force
• Spring force


  pulles toward equilibrium
• Oscillator 


  overshoots because of inertia
• Cycle


  continue repeating
• SHM


  Simple Harmonic Motion
• UCM


  Uniform circular motion
• Uniform Circular


  Radius, Center, Angular Speed, Angular position, Initial Angular position
• Simple harmonic motion


  Amplitude, mean position of oscillation, Angular frequency, Phase, Initial phase or epoch
• Energy in Simple harmonic Motion


  Since there is no neoconservative force in the system, the total mechanical energy of the Simple harmonic oscillation is conserved
• Simple pendulum 


  consists of a small bob of mass m suspended by a light inextensible string of length L, free to swing in a vertical plane about the equilibrium position .