Ireland

• irish catholics


  native Gaelic speaking Irish population
• catholic old English


  catholics descended from original English settlers
• protestant new English


  protestants descended from English settlers after the reformation
• Presbyterian Scots


  based in plantation of Ulster in the north of Ireland
• Thomas Wentworth 


  lord deputy of Ireland in 1632
• Thomas Wentworth success 


  enhanced the authority of the English crown and church over the Irish and allowed the English to profit more off of Ireland by increasing customs duty
• Thomas Wentworth opinions on Charles

  he believed Charles should be an absolutist monarch and that makes him a threat to parliament
• when was the Irish rebellion

  1641
• who was lord Ormond and what were his beliefs

  he was Charles' key advisor in Ireland who lead the protestant army

  - irish, royal and supportive of Charles no matter what
• what did protestant army do in September 1634

  Charles orders a ceasefire with confederates and transports 22,000 Irish troops to England to fight for him (puritans suggest these are catholic and even though they are not, causes tension)
• protestant army (CW1)


  wanted to protect the pale and the king's interests

  anglican - say they will change the church to Presbyterian but never do
• Presbyterian army (CW1)


  protestant army in ulster

  scottish convenantors supported by English parliament after an alliance in 1643

  Montrose. Irish rebellion. James' plantation policy
• why can the protestant and presbyterians not become official allies?

  they are supported by king vs parliament who were at war in england

  - they make a truce not to attach each other
• how do the puritans make it seem like Charles suggests catholic rule in 1643?

  Charles needed troops to fight in England and brought 22,000 Irish troops

  - the puritans suggest that these are catholics even though they are Anglican
• Ormond and O'Neill's treaty 1646


  Ormond realises he could not win but instead of retreating made a peace treaty with Owen Roe O'Neill, leader of the confederates.
• how did Ormond and O'Neill's treaty 1646 benefit the Irish?

  a peace treaty left O'Neill free to attack scottish covenanters in North of Ireland
• Battle of Banburb


  O'Neill defeats Scottish Covenanters and wins Irish independence.

  - the Irish had no interest in England and didn't support parliament or Charles as their aim for independence had been completed
• why was the Irish independence a blow to Charles

  they had no interest in Charles or fighting for him as he had expected them too which caused a blow as he was losing in 1646
• Who were the Irish Catholics referred to as the 'confederates'?

  Old English and Gaelic Irish
• What did the Irish Catholics want?

  An independent island under Catholicism
• Who was the key advisor to Charles in Ireland?

  Lord Ormond
• What did Charles order in September 1643?

  A ceasefire with the Confederates
• Why did the Protestants and Presbyterians not become official allies?

  Supported by King vs Parliament at war
• What did Charles transport to England in September 1643?

  22,000 Irish troops
• Who did Ormond make a deal with in 1646?

  Owen Roe O'Neill
• What was the outcome of the Battle of Banburb?

  O'Neill won Irish independence