1641

• the Cumbernauld band


  August 1640 – the Earl of Montrose and 17 other Scottish nobles signed the Cumbernauld Band which stated a desire to defend the King (signalled significant division) 
• the 'incident' - October 1641 


  royalist plot to kidnap scottish covenanters

  - wanted to get rid of radical covenant leaders such as Archibald Campbell

  who instigated? extreme royalist and moderate covenanters
• how did the 'incident' damage Charles

  destroyed hopes of gaining further support in Scotland because he was linked to the plot by attending parliament in Edinburgh on 12th October

  - taken his prerogative too far
• the grand remonstrance 


  introduced a split parliament

  - list of criticisms of Charles' gov since 1625 which Pym believed showed that Charles couldn't be trusted to run the army
• when was the grand remonstrance timed?

  just before the king's return from Scotland

  why? appeal to the London crowd
• why were moderates alarmed by the grand remonstrance

  extremely anti-catholic

  - Charles' wife is catholic – suggesting he is under controlled by the Catholics. His wife suggests him to continue religious policy, causes Scottish rebellion
• how did the grand remonstrance address religious concerns

  stated that an Assembly of Divines was to be held separately at Westminster to discuss religious settlement

  religion still a difficult issue to resolve even in the groups of radical MPs so it was side lined by Pym and his associates
• what was revolutionary & radical about the grand remonstrance

  something parliament had never done before by naming the King and blaming him. Involve his family & wife (anti catholic).
• the milita bill 


  when? 7th December 1641
• the militia bill proposals

  1. remove the kings power over the trained bands completely

  2. gave parliament the right to appoint army commanders
• Edward Hyde - earl of Clarendon 


  originally on the side of parliament (parliamentarian) , opposed Charles' ship money, forced loan. Helped prepare charges for Wentworth but didn’t like the threat to episcopacy in Root and Branch. Began supporting the monarchy in 1641 & became a leading figure in the constitutional royalist party.