definitions

• Hydrogen bonds


  Weak bonds formed between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an electronegative atom (oxygen/nitrogen) and another electronegative atom
• Polar covalent bonds


  Chemical bond where two atoms share a pair of electrons unequally
• Cohesion


  Water to water H bonds - molecules stick to each other (attracted)
• Adhesion


  Water to other polar molecules bonds
• Surface tension


  Elastic-like force existing at the surface of a liquid due to the cohesive forces between the molecules at the surface
• Xylem


  Thin narrow tubes which transport water (and dissolved materials) from roots to the leaves of plants
• Solvent


  Substance that dissolves in a solute, resulting in a solution
• Metabolism


  All chemical reactions that occur within an organism to maintain life
• Capillary action


  Ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the help of external forces (gravity)
• Hydrophobic (non-polar)


  Repels water/do not mix well with water
• Hydrophilic


  Attracted to water and can dissolve/mix well with water
• Buoyancy


  The ability of an object to float in water
• Viscosity


  Resistance for a fluid to flow
• Thermal conductivity


  Ability of a substance to conduct heat
• Specific heat capacity


  Amount of energy that a given mass of substance (1g or 1kg) can absorb that produces a 1C increase in temperature
• Apoplast pathway


  Route through the cell walls and intercellular spaces of plants through which water and dissolved substances can travel - movement of water and solutes from cell to cell without crossing any cell membranes