MAJORSHIP

• Physical education


  A subject that is well-taught and well-accepted, despite some confusion about the term and what physical education teachers do
• Within the past decades, dramatic changes have occurred in the field of physical education and sport
• Contemporary physical education and sport


  It has expanded to include persons of all ages and abilities, and involvement in carefully designed programs can enhance the health and quality of life of the participants
• Article 1, International Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNESCO, Paris, 1978 and Recommendation 1, International Disciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts, UNESCO, Paris, 1976 state the legality of physical education
• For about a century, many people have been confused about the term physical education, and are not exactly sure about the term and what physical education teachers do
• Despite this confusion, physical education has been accepted as part of the curriculum in all schools
• What is important is that physical education is one subject that is well –taught and well-accepted
• Contemporary physical education and sport has expanded to include persons of all ages and abilities
• Involvement in carefully designed programs can enhance the health and quality of life of the participants
• Article 1, International Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNESCO, Paris, 1978 and Recommendation 1, International Disciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts on Physical Education, UNESCO, Brisbane, 1982

  "The practice of physical education and sport is a fundamental right of all…"
• Article 1, International Charter of Physical Education and Sports, UNESCO, Paris, 1978 and Recommendation 1, International Disciplinary Regional Meeting of Experts on Physical Education, UNESCO, Brisbane, 1982


  "And this right should not be treated as different in principle from the right to adequate food, shelter , and medical care."
• Article XIV, Section 19, 1986 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines


  "The state shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league competitions and amateur sports including training for international competition to foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry."
• Article XIV, Section 19, 1986 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines


  "All educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country and in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors."
• Physical education

  Education through the physical
• Physical education


  That phase of total process of education which is concerned with the development and utilization of the individual's movement potential and related responses, and with the stable behavior modifications in the individual which results from these responses
• Physical education


  That phase of general educational program that contributes to the total growth and development of each child through movement experiences
• Physical education


  An educational process that uses physical activity as a means to help individuals acquire skills, fitness, knowledge, and attitudes that contribute to their optimal development and well-being
• Allied fields of physical education and sport

  • Health education
  • Recreation
  • Dance
• Health education


  Concerned with the total well-being of the individual, which encompass physical, emotional, mental, social, and spiritual health
• Areas within health education

  • Health instruction
  • Delivery of health services
  • Environmental health
• Recreation


  Fulfilling an educational goal of "worthy use of leisure"<|>A self-chosen activity that provides a means of revitalizing and refreshing one's body and spirit
• Dance activities have been something of a stepchild for physical education, for dance hangs on the periphery of physical education
• Aesthetic expression through movement is provided by dance
• Objectives of physical education

  • Physical fitness development
  • Motor skill development
  • Cognitive development
  • Social-emotional-affective development
• Physical fitness development objective


  The development of the various organic system of the body is necessary for an individual to have the ability to sustain adaptive efforts, to recover and to resist fatigue
• Motor skill development objective


  Concerned with developing body awareness, making purposeful physical movement with a little expenditure of energy as possible, and being proficient, graceful, and aesthetic in this movement
• Cognitive development objective


  Involves the accumulation of knowledge and the ability to think and interpret this knowledge
• Social-emotional-affective development objective


  Concerned with assisting an individual in making personal and group adjustments as well as adjustments as a member of society
• Philosophy


  A set of beliefs relating to a particular field
• Traditional educational philosophies

  • Idealism
  • Realism
  • Naturalism
  • Pragmatism
  • Existentialism
• Idealism


  Emphasizes the mind as central to understanding, reasoning plays a critical role in arriving at the truth, values and ideals are held in high regard and are considered universal and absolute, values and ideals don change regardless of circumstances
• Realism


  Emphasizes the use of the scientific method to arrive at the truth, reasoning and understanding the natural laws of nature
• Pragmatism


  Experience-not ideals or realities- are the basis of truth, reality differs from person to person because individuals experience different situations, values are relative and are derived from one's experiences
• Naturalism


  Belief that life is governed by the laws of nature, development of both the mind and body is incorporated, emphasizes the importance of considering each individual's level of growth and development in learning and designing experiences that are congruent to the individual's needs
• Existentialism


  Reality is determined by individuals' experiences, individuals must accept responsibility for themselves and the choices they make, creativity, individuality, self-responsibility, and self-awareness are important
• Ancient Egypt: Physical activities were confined to military training and religious rituals. The most popular activities were swimming, which was based on rivers. Wrestling which was participated in by the nobility, the soldiers, the merchants, and the unskilled laborers; and gymnastic activities and games using the skills of fighting and war
• Ancient China: Physical activities were confined to the military men. They were given examinations on lifting the weights, shooting the bow, and handling the sword. They boxed, played football (tsu' u chu), and practiced jiu-jitsu. Recreational games and sports such as the early versions of soccer, polo, chess, and competitions in archery and wrestling, tug-of –war, water games, chi' ui wan (similar to golf), shuttlecock, and kite flying were popular
• Physical activities in ancient China were confined to the military men. They were given examinations on lifting the weights, shooting the bow, and handling the sword. They boxed, played football (tsu' u chu), and practiced jiu-jitsu.
• Recreational games and sports in ancient China


  • Early versions of soccer, polo, chess, archery and wrestling, tug-of –war, water games, chi' ui wan (similar to golf), shuttlecock, and kite flying
• Dancing was popular in ancient China that a man's prestige often depended on his prowess as a dancer.