Science Q2

Cards (83)

  • Skeletal System
    The framework of the human body. It has more than Skeletal Muscle-it is the Muscle that moves the bones and has 200 bones that caves you entire body.
  • Skull
    • Bone that protects the brain
  • Ribs
    • Bone that protects the lungs & the heart
  • Skeletal Muscle
    Has striations or bands. It is an Voluntary Muscle.
  • Tendons
    Muscle that attach the bones by the thick bands
  • Cardiac Muscle
    Found only in the heart. Allows contraction & relaxation of the heart & other blood vessels like skeletal muscle
  • Backbone
    • Group of bones that runs through your back protects the spinal cord & keeps your body upright
  • Joints
    Where two bones meet
  • Ligaments
    Joints that hold the bone together
  • Types of Skeleton
    • Axial Skeleton
    • Appendicular Skeleton
  • Axial Skeleton
    Composed of bones that lie centrally in the body, it consists of the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage (ribs & sternum)
  • Skull
    • Cranium & facial bone - Protects the brain
  • Rib cage
    • Protects the lungs and heart
  • Sternum (breast bone)
    • Serves as the attachment of the rib cage
  • Vertebral column (backbone)
    • Protects the spinal cord
  • Appendicular Skeleton

    The part that is attached to the vertebral column and the thoracic cage. It is composed of the pectoral girdles or set of collar bones, upper and lower appendage or limbs & the pelvis or set of hip bones
  • Pectoral Girdle
    • Scapula (shoulder blade)-attached to the rib cage & the upper arms
    Clavicle (collar bone)-attached to the sternum & upper arms together with the scapula, it facilitates the rotation of the arm
  • Upper Appendages
    • Humerus (upper arm)-attached to the scapula & forearm
    Radius & ulna (forearm)-attached to the wrist
    Carpal (wrist)-attached to the forearm & which consists of 8 bones
    Metacarpal (palm)-forms the structure of the hand
    Phalanges (fingers)-attached to the carpal & the fingers
  • Pelvic Girdle (Hip Bone)

    • Provides attachment to the legs and vertebral column
  • Lower Appendages
    • Femur (thigh bone)-provides support to the upper body, allows running and other activities
    Patella (knee cap)-allows movement of the knee, connects the femur, tibia and fibula
    Tibia (shinbone)-forms the leg together with the femur
    Fibula (calf bone)-supports the weight of the upper body
    Tarsal (ankle)-forms the bone of the ankle and feet
    Metatarsals (sole) and Phalanges (toes)-provides support to the body
  • Fracture
    A broken bone
  • Synovial fluid
    Fluid that acts like oil
  • Types of Joints
    • Immovable
    Movable
  • Movable Joints
    • Pivot joints-one bone rotates in a ring of non-moving bone
    Ball-and-socket joints-consists of a ball-shaped of a bone that fits into a socket, like indentation of another bone
    Hinged joints-allow movement in one plane or back and forth
    Gliding or Plane joints-are between small bones that glide over one another or move back and forth
    Saddle joint-is a saddle-shaped bone where one bone is resting on it like a rider on a horse
  • Voluntary Muscle
    Muscle that can be controlled like physical movement such as running
  • Involuntary Muscle
    Muscle that cannot be controlled like the beating of the heart & growling of the stomach
  • Digestive System
    Process where in food is broken down into absorbable pieces
  • Phases of Digestion
    • Ingestion
    Digestion
    Absorption
    Elimination
  • Mechanical Digestion
    The physical digestion of food
  • Chemical Digestion
    The process of breaking down food with the help of chemical substances
  • Pharynx
    • Also known as the throat. It connects the mouth to the esophagus. It is a common passageway for food & air
  • Esophagus
    • A long tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. It is where the chewed food passes through. The food is pushed to the stomach by the wave-like contraction called peristalsis
  • Stomach
    • A J-shaped muscular pouch located at the left side of the abdomen below the diaphragm. It acts as a storage tank for food and produces gastric juices such as hydrochloric acid that break down the balls of food into smaller pieces in a liquefied form called Chyme
  • Small Intestine
    • A long coiled tube about 9 feet long. It is the longest part of the digestive system.
  • Pancreas
    • Organ located behind stomach - it secretes insulin, a substance that regulates the amount of sugar in the body.
  • Large Intestine
    • Larger in diameter but shorter in length than the small intestine. It is about 5 ft long. It is the home of beneficial bacteria that convert the chyme into feces
  • Rectum
    • Situated at the end of the large intestine, is the temporary storage of feces.
  • Anus
    • The opening at the end of the rectum that controls the discharge of feces.
  • Respiratory System
    Involves the following process: Breathing in, exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs, and breathing out
  • Respiratory System Organs
    • Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli