cloning

• Process of micropropagation to clone plants-

  Cut a small piece of plant tissue, an explant, from the tips of stems, and sterilise them to remove microorganisms. Place the explants in a petri dish that contains agar jelly with growth hormones and nutrients like glucose and mineral ions. Once they grow a bit into calluses, transfer them to soil so they can grow into plantlets. Finally transfer them to their own pot. Ensure that the whole process is done at a reasonable temperature and that the plants get enough light and water.
• Adult stem cell transplants

  Could use a patient's own stem cells or be from a donor
• Stem cells from patient's own cells

  • Genetically identical
  • Not rejected by patient's immune system
• Stem cells from donor

  • Not genetically identical
  • Fewer complications if from close family member
  • Could come from person with closely-matched tissue types
• Therapeutic cloning

  Transfer nucleus from patient's cell to egg cell with nucleus removed
• Therapeutic cloning

  Could produce stem cells with same genetic make-up as patient