PHYSICS

• Physics- the study of matter and energy, and their interactions.
• Matter - anything that has mass and takes up space
• Physics- is both an exact and experimental science that leads to many useful discoveries through testing hypotheses where conclusions can be derived using precise measurements and physical quantities.
• BMI - use to determine whether your weight and height are appropriate to your current aga
• Scientific Notation- a compact way to represent a vey large or very small number. The basic form is ax10^b
• accuracy- is how close a measurement is to the correct value for that measurement.
• Precision- refers to how consistently you can get the same result when measuring or performing an experiment.
• Kinematics- study of motion without considering its causes. Describe motion in terms of displacement, velocity and acceleration.
• Dynamics- study of motion by taking into account the cause of motion which is force.
• Average Velocity- when a particle has moved from position x1 to position x2 during a time interval △t (= t2 – t1), Its average velocity during that time interval is given by: △v = △x=x2-x1 /△t=t2-t1
• Position- This tells us where a particle is located on the x-axis.
• Displacement- The distance between two positions of a particle along the x-axis.
• Average Speed- time interval △t depends on the total distance the particle moves in the time interval S avg =total distance/△t
• Scalar- A quantity that has magnitude only, no direction. (Ex. speed, volume, mass and time)
• Vector- A quantity that has both magnitude and direction. Ex. force, velocity, acceleration and momentum.
• Distance- how much ground an object has covered during its motion
• Displacement- the distance moved by a particle in a given time.
• Velocity-vector, the rate at which an object changes position with respect to time.

  v=total displacement/total time
• Speed- scalar, rate at which an object covers distance s=total distance/ total time
• X=position, D=distance, T=time, △=change in
• Identify the formula of the ff: acceleration= v/t and f/m, time= v/a, velocity=a × t , speed=d/t and distance= s ×

  t
• Isaac Newton- Lived from 1642 to 1727. Developed the 3 laws of motion. Published them in 1687
• LAW OF INERTIA- an object in motion will remain in motion, and an object at rest will remain at rest, unless acted upon by a force.
• Inertia – a tendency to remain unchanged, or continue in an existing state
• EQUILIBRIUM- is the state in which all the forces on a body are exactly in balance so that the body does not move.
• LAW OF ACCELERATION- an object depends on the Mass of the object and the amount of force applied. Net force is equal to mass times acceleration
• Weight- the force due to gravity
• Mass- a universal constant which is a measure of the inertia of a body.
• Constant Gravity- g is the acceleration of gravity 9.8 m/s2
• LAW OF ACTION REACTION- for every action, there’s an equal but opposite reaction.
• Mechanical Energy- Energy stored in a system due to the movement of objects or particles.
• Kinetic energy- also called energy in motion

  
• Potential Energy- sometimes calles stored energy. Formula: PE=mgh
• Work- energy transferred to an object due to force W = Fd (Unit: Joule)

  
• Energy- ability to do work
• Power- amount of work done at a given period of time

  
• Gravitational Potential Energy- is energy due to the position of an object relative to Earth’s ground. It is given by the formula UG = mgh

  
• Rotational Motion- The motion of a body about a fixed point or axis.
• In rotational motion:

  • Displacement in straight-line motion is similar to rotation angle (θ).
  • Velocity in straight-line motion is similar to angular velocity (ω).
  • Acceleration in straight-line motion is similar to angular acceleration (α).
• ANGULAR ACCELERATION- is defined as the time rate of change of angular velocity. It is usually expressed in radians per second. is also known as rotational acceleration.