Social class external

• Cultural deprivation-

  • douglas found that Woking class parents tend to value education less and as a result are less ambitious for their child and take less interest in school ,these parents were less likely to visit schools and discuss progress with teachers
  • Douglas also found that parents own education was an important factor ,middle class parents tend to be better educated which leads to more discipline and higher expectations of their children ,they are more aware of what is needed to assist educational progress and are more able to give advice
• cultural deprivation -

  • Douglas - working class parents are less educated and often discipline is inconsistent in the home
  • working class parents are less likely to give their children educational toys that will stimulate their thinking and reasoning skill ,this affect their intellectual development when starting school and puts them at a disadvantage

  evaluation -

  • class doesn’t determine your profession or career many WC parents are educated
  • working class parents may not lack interest but instead have longer awkward working hours
• cultural capital -

  • Bourdieu sees the culture of education as giving an inbuilt advantage to the middle class
  • middle class children are more likely to develop intellectual interests as an understanding of what is needed to achieve success in school
  • he views the middle class culture as capital because it can be translated into wealth ,powere and puts these who have it at an advantage
  • Working class experience a cultural deficit ,they realise teachers and school attatch little importance to their experiences
• diet and health -

  • Howard - children from poor families have a low intake of energy, vitamins and minerals
  • poor nutrition affected their health and causes weak immune systems and more illness
  • this then results in more absence from school and affects their achievement
  • they also have difficulty concentrating in class sue to lack of energy and hunger
• housing-

  • overcrowding makes it hard to study and means less room fro educational activities
• working class values -

  • sugarman -working class subcultures emphasise the following beliefs
  • fatalism -a belief in fate -what will be will be
  • immediate gratification -a preference fro immediate rewards without regard for long term consequences
  • working class children are socialised into the values which places them at a disadvantage compared to middle class children who are socialised into deferred gratification

  evaluation

  • wc may defer gratification if they had the resources to do so and instead be future orientated