pc

• Language is a fundamental component of human behaviors and communication
• Communicators use language to express their views, intentions, emotions, and others
• Language is enriched by its users and the way language is utilized depends on how meaning is conveyed considering situational, cultural and social factors
• Patterns of speech emerge in various situations and norms and are used to interpret the speakers' communicative behaviors
• Speech Community


  Central to the understanding of human language and meaning since "language is both an individual and social possession"
• Speech Community (Labov 1972)

  The term "participation in a set of shared norms... observed in overt types of evaluative behavior"
• Speech Community (John Gumperz 1972)


  "any human aggregate characterized by regular and frequent interaction by means of shared body of verbal signs and set off from similar aggregates by significant differences in language use"
• Speech Community (John Gumperz 1972 continued)


  "the speech varieties employed w/in a speech community form a system because they are related to a shared set of social norms"
• Speech Community (Marcyliena Morgan 2014)

  Pertains to language as a system which has relationship and limitations that expanded to encompass social description and conventions as manifested in people's characteristics, perceptions, principles, and traditions
• Individuals who are part of the speech communities utilize and create their languages as "social and cultural products"
• Speech Community


  Shared norms + frequency of social interaction
• Speech Community


  Linguistic component + social component
• Speech Communities emerge among groups that are united in terms of linguistics, cultural, familial, geographic, social, religious, political, technological factors or social institutions in which member constantly interact, share and communicate
• The differences in educational background and social class can lead to the formation of speech communities
• Speech community has reach various online platforms for communication. Virtual interactions through social networking sites have allowed people from different parts of the globe to link with current speech communities and create new online speech communities of communicators who have reformed the concept of kinship, social boundaries, learning, knowledge sharing and communication itself
• Linguistic Repertoire


  The total range of lexical and structural resources that an individual has available for communication in different situations. This concept applies to both monolinguals and multilinguals since it not only refers to a multilingual's competence in more than one language, but it can also be used to refer to the multiple styles and registers that an individual might have and access in different communicative situations for different purposes.
• Linguistic Resources in a Filipino's Linguistic Repertoire

  • ENG AmE
  • Bis Lish
  • PhE
  • Bis Tag Lish
  • Gen Z ENG TAG Tag lish
  • FR Mer
• Conyo English


  A Philippine English sociolect or a type of codeswitching between English and Tagalog which is associated with the upper social class of the Philippine society
• Conyo English


  • Like it's so mainit naman!
  • Yah! The aircon, it's, like sira!
  • Kakainis naman in the LRT! How plenty tao, you know, people!
  • It adds to the init here!
• Filipino Davao Variety


  One of the features of FVD is the combination of words from Bisaya or Sebuano and Tagalog in a clause which also includes the insertion of "BIS particles" like bitaw gyud, lagi ba, gyud, and uy. This code-mixing is adopted by the community of FDV speakers.
• Filipino Davao Variety


  • Hindi pa man siya nag-dating, uy!
  • Gisabi kasi ni Helen na mag-absent si Bernard bukas.
  • Maka-inis man yan siya, uy!
• Online Gaming Community


  A bounded speech community
• Speech Community


  Fluid community of practice
• A person can participate among members of a speech community without being a member of it. As Hymes has argued: "To participate in a speech community is not quite the same as to be a member of it..." SC is defined as a community sharing knowledge of rules of conduct and interpretation of speech. Such sharing comprises [active participation/interaction within the SC and] adequate knowledge of at least the form of speech, and knowledge also of its patters of use.