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• Earth's Subsystems

  Matter and energy move and cycle between the four different subsystems. These cycles make life on Earth possible.
• If matter or energy does not change from one form to another

  The bodies of water will be drained, and no life on Earth will exist.
• Some of the components in the subsystems overlap. The most common example is the soil which can be considered as a part of hydrosphere, geosphere, and even biosphere.
• Habitable zone


  Goldilocks' zone
• Earth's temperature

  Chemical and biological processes are impacted by temperature.
• If Earth is the first planet from the sun, the most likely outcome is no atmosphere and no liquid water.
• Atmosphere


  It acts as the Earth's blanket.
• Hydrosphere

  Salt water includes ocean and sea.
• Evaporation

  Interaction between hydrosphere and atmosphere.
• Rock fragments that have weathered are swept away by the river currents

  Interaction between geosphere and hydrosphere.
• Volcanoes


  Help in nutrient cycling.
• Greenhouse gas

  A gas that traps heat.
• Earth's temperature

  Most important factor is distance from the sun.
• Atmosphere


  Affects a planet's ability to hold atmosphere, which is determined by distance from the sun.
• Volcanoes

  Interaction between geosphere and atmosphere.
• Living organisms can harness energy from the sun.
• Closed system


  There is only an exchange of heat or energy and no exchange of matter.
• Water evaporating from the soil

  Interaction between geosphere and atmosphere.
• Water availability impacts the growth of animals like cows who depend on plants for food

  Interaction between hydrosphere and biosphere.
• Atmosphere

  Oxygen is the second most abundant gas component.
• Taal Volcano spews gases and ashes into air

  Interaction between geosphere and atmosphere.
• Observation shows an Earth-sized like planet. Based on the data, the planet is at the same distance from its star, like Earth to its star, the sun. It is also covered with a thick atmosphere which is composed of carbon dioxide and shows no volcanic activity. What can you infer from this data?

  The Earth-like planet is hot and no nutrient cycling occurs.