India

• India was colonized by the British but were able to retain their culture
• For India, music is a sacred form of art
• The study of Indian music begins with the religious chants called the Veda, composed by a tribe of nomadic shepherds
• These Veda hymns are sung without accompaniment
• Indian music


  Guided improvisation, which means that at all times, the musician must be guided simultaneously by the raga and the tala
• Two kinds of Indian music

  • Hindustani (north, Moslem influence)
  • Karnatak (south, Hindu)
• TAMBURA


  Unfretted lute, used as a drone; used by both South and North India
• SITAR


  Most popular instrument in Northern India, in addition to four strings and three drones, the sitar may have as many as 13 strings
• VINA


  Instrument of the South India, with four melody strings and three drone strings
• SARANGI


  Hindustani bowed fiddle melodic instrument
• Shruti


  Smallest interval tone in Indian music, equivalent to microtones in Western music
• Gamaka


  Ornamentation in Indian music
• Sargam


  Indian solfege syllables, equivalent to Western solfege syllables
• The Indian music begins with the religious chants called the Veda, composed by a tribe of nomadic shepherds
• It is the metrical cycles of beats?

  Tala
• It is the tempo in Indian music. It may vary from fast (druta) to medium (maghya) or slow (vilmabita)?

  Laya
• It is the unit time in Hindustani music and askhara in Carnatac music?


  Matra
• It is an important element in their music?

  Drone
• It is a combination of a scale and a melody. Each raga has its own mood such as happiness, sorrow, or peace. There are two principal tones: vadi and samvadi?

  Raga
• It is the smallest interval tone in Indian music. In Western music, it is called microtones?

  Shruti
• It is ornamentation in Indian music?

  Gamaka
• It is the Indian solfege syllables, they are equivalent to western solfege syllables?

  Sargam
• Hindustani (North India)
• Carnatic (South India)
• It has Moslem influence?

  Hindustani
• It has Hindi influence?

  Carnatac