SCIENCE

• is the study of all living things, like plants, animals, and even single-cell organisms

  Life Science or Biology
• deals with Earth and space-things like planets, stars, and rocks. Earth science studies nonliving things and their histor

  Earth Science
• its all about matter and energy, the most basic building blocks of the universe.

  Physical Science
• It includes Chemistry and Physics

  Physical Science
• (energy interacting with matter)

  Physics
• (mat ter and how it transforms)

  Chemistry
• process used by scientists to research a question is called

  Scientific Inquiry
• Trying to find the answers to a question is also called the

  Scientific Method
• looks at the findings of past scientists to predict what will happen in an experiment.

  Background research
• a prediction or proposed explanation that can be tested

  Hypotheses
• using all of your senses and scientific instruments to describe a thing or events

  Observation
• the findings of your scientific investigation

  Conclusion
• information or data based on countable measurements of something

  Quantitative
• information based on the qualities of something

  Qualititative
• is a representation of something that ’s too small, too big, or too expensive to observe in real life.

  Model
• is a proposed explanation that has been extensively tested and is based on many observations.

  Theory
• describes WHAT happens under certain conditions

  Law
• an explanation of WHY something happens—based on years of testing and observation

  Theory
• is a representation of something that ’s too small, too big, or too expensive to observe in real life.

  Model
• like a globe or a diorama

  Physical model
• like a simulation of changing weather pat terns or 3-D simulations of people or places

  Computer model
• like the equation of a line or a

  business using past costs to

  predict future costs

  MATHEMATICAL MODELS
• a step-by-step list of

  how to carry out the

  experiment

  Procedure
• all the variables in an experiment that remain the same.

  Constants
• You can have BLANK by running an experiment more than once: first without changing any factors (this experiment is called the BLANK) and then a second time, changing only the factor you want to observe. In a controlled experiment, the factors that are held constant are called BLANK, and they don’t affect the outcome of the experiment.

  Controlled experiment

  Control

  Constants
• A BLANK is a factor that can alter your experiment ’s results-a controlled experiment allows you to test the influence of the variable.

  Variables
• is the variable that you change in an experiment on purpose.

  Independent variable
• is the variable that is influenced by the independent variable, the results of your experiment.

  Dependent variable
• a branch of science that studies the design, building, and use of machines and structures to solve real-world problems

  Engineering
• The major branches of engineering are:

  Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, Chemical
• deals with mechanical power and designing mechanical systems, machines, and tools; studies forces and motion.

  Mechanical
• works with raw materials and chemicals;

  discovers new materials and processes

  Chemical
• includes designing and constructing buildings,

  roads, bridges, dams, and more

  CIVIL
• studies electricity and the design of electrical systems such as computer chips . And there are many more types of engineering: computer, aerospace, biomedical, automotive, manufacturing, geological, etc

  Electrical
• the requirements that an engineer must fulfill in his or her design

  Design specs
• restrictions or limitations (can be physical, social, or financial)

  Constraints
• this defines what it means to solve the particular problem.

  Design statement
• a preliminary model that can be easily adjusted

  Prototype
• Use evidence to draw conclusions about things you may not have directly observed.

  Infer
• • It ’s important to share your results with other scientists so they can learn from your work, critique it, and build upon it.
  • communicating your results and findings to others

  Lab reports