Muscular

Subdecks (2)

Cards (126)

  • Acetylcholine
    Chemical messenger released from the end of a motor neuron
  • Actin
    Protein of which the thin myofilaments are composed
  • Aerobic respiration
    Process that breaks down fatty acids for energy when oxygen is present
  • Anaerobic respiration
    Process that breaks down glucose for energy when oxygen is not plentiful
  • Antagonist
    Muscles that oppose the action of a prime mover
  • Aponeurosis
    Flat, broad tendon that attaches a muscle to another muscle or to bone
  • ATP
    Adenosine triphosphate; used for energy in cells to perform various functions, including muscle contraction
  • Atrophy
    Decrease in the size of a muscle
  • Belly
    The thick midsection of the muscle
  • Complete tetanus
    Condition in which impulses arrive so fast the muscle cannot relax between stimuli and twitches merge into one prolonged contraction
  • Creatine phosphate
    Compound stored in muscle that is used for short bursts of high-energy activity
  • Endomysium
    Delicate connective tissue covering each muscle fiber
  • Epimysium
    Connective tissue covering that surrounds muscles as a whole and binds all muscle fibers together
  • Fascia
    Connective tissue surrounding the muscle
  • Fascicles
    Bundles of muscle fibers
  • Hypertrophy
    Enlargement of a muscle
  • Incomplete tetanus
    Condition of rapid muscle contraction with only partial relaxation
  • Insertion
    The end of a muscle that attaches to the more mobile bone
  • Isometric contraction
    Contraction in which the tension within a muscle increases while its length remains the same
  • Isotonic contraction
    Contraction in which the muscle changes length to move a load
  • Motor unit
    A neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates
  • Muscle fiber
    A skeletal muscle cell
  • Muscle tone
    Continuous state of partial muscle contraction that allows for the maintenance of posture
  • Myofibrils
    Long protein bundles that fill the sarcoplasm of a muscle fiber
  • Myofilaments
    Fine protein fibers that make up a myofibril
  • Myosin
    Protein of which the thick myofilaments are composed
  • Neuromuscular junction
    Connection between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber
  • Origin
    The end of a muscle that attaches to the more stationary bone
  • Perimysium
    Sheath of connective tissue encasing fascicles
  • Prime mover
    The main muscle triggering a movement
  • Sarcomere
    The unit of contraction of the myofibrils of a muscle
  • Sarcoplasm
    The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber
  • Synaptic cleft
    Narrow space between the end of a motor nerve and the muscle fiber
  • Synergists
    Muscles that assist in the movement of a bone
  • Tendon
    Strong, fibrous cord through which a muscle attaches to a bone
  • Transverse (T) tubules
    Tubules that extend across the sarcoplasm and allow electrical impulses to travel deep into the cell
  • Treppe
    Phenomenon in which each successive twitch contracts more forcefully than the previous one
  • Twitch
    Single, brief contraction
  • According to VanPutte, Regan, & Russo (2016), muscle tissues are unique enough to be modified by the ones who owns it. One can change its size and type of muscle fibers thereby enabling enhancement of strength and endurance like what we've been observing to athletes.
  • Moreover, muscle cells are elongated thus the term muscle fiber for every muscle cell.