CELL

• Hans and Zacharias Janssen

  Two dutch makers invented the first compound microscope
• 1590

  the year the first compund microscope was invented
• Robert Hooke

  He named "cells" due to it looking like small rooms that monks lived in called cells
• Cell

  the basic structural and functional unit of living organism.
• Prokaryotes

  simple cells that do not have internal membranes
• Eukaryotes

  more complex cells that do have internal, membrane-bound structures
• 3.5 BYA

  first appearance of prokaryotic organisms
• 2.0 BYA

  First appearance of eukaryotic organism
• Prokaryotes

  lack a nucleus and other membrane bounded structures
• Prokaryotes

  have small ribosomes
• Prokaryotes

  DNA is not organized into chromosomes
• Prokaryotes

  flagella are not made of microtubules
• Prokaryotes

  cell walls are made of peptidoglycan, not cellulose
• Eukaryotes

  Have a nuclues and other membrane bounded structures
• Eukaryotes

  Have large ribosomes
• Eukaryotes

  DNA is organized into chromosomes
• Eukaryotes

  Flagella are made of microtubules
• Eukaryotes

  Cell walls are made of cellulose
• 20-400 nm

  Virus
• Unicellular organism

  an organism that is made up of only one cell
• Multicellular Organism

  An organism that is made up of more than one cell
• Mycoplasma

  smallest cell
• Ostrich egg

  Largest cell
• Sperm cell

  Smallest cell in the human body
• Ovum cell

  largest cell in the human body
• Nerve cell

  longest cell
• Red blood cells

  Circular biconcave for easy passage through human capillaries
• Nerve cells

  conduct impulses from one point to another
• White blood celss

  change their shape to engulf the microorganism that enter the body
• Nucleus

  largest organelle within the cell
• Nucleoplasm

  a highly viscous liquid similiar to cytoplasm that surrounds the chromosomes and nucleolus.
• Nuclear membrane

  double layered membrane that isolates and protects the DNA from molecules that could damage its structure or interfere with function
• DNA replication and RNA synthesis

  occur in the nucleus
• Nuclear membrane

  double membrane similar to the cell plasma membrane
• Nuclear membrane

  encloses the nucleus to separate its contents from the cell cytoplasm
• Nuclear pores

  nuclear membrane has many holes called
• Selective passage

  the kind of materials the nuclear pores allow between the nucleus and the cytoplasm
• MRNA

  can enter inside the passage into the cytoplasm
• Nucleolus

  prominent within the nucleus
• Protein and ribosomal DNA (rDNA)

  What is nucleolus made of