Human Development
Subdecks (3)
Cards (39)
- Babyhood- extends from the second week of infancy to second year of life- also known as the “age of helplessness”
- babies are helpless that adults usually have to care practically almost everything for the baby’s needs
- Early Childhood- extends from two years to six years- children during this period are fond of asking question- also called as the “age of curiosity”- preschool age- pre gang/exploratory/questioning age- teachable moment for acquiring skills- stage when the child become curious, naughty and aggressive
- Late Childhood- six to ten years old- elementary school age- rapid increase in understanding, accuracy of concepts and learning opportunities- also known as “smart age”- at this stage children think that they know just about everything when they talk- also called as “gang stage”- by this time the major concern of the children is their gang mates and their desire for acceptance and belongingness
- Puberty- age of manhood- an overlapping period- the criteria most often used to determine the onset of puberty are:- menarche (girls), first menstruation- nocturnal emission (boys), seminal flow or “wet dreams”- development of primary and secondary sex characteristics
- Puberty Stage- overlaps the end of childhood and it also touches the early part of adolescence- characterized by rapid changes in height and skeletal structures, and also changes in weight and sexual maturation- known as the “age of confusion”- is characterized by awkwardness because pubescent boys and girls do not know whether to behave like a child or like a grown up
- Adolescence- individual becomes sexually mature until 18- derived from the latin word “adolescere” meaning to “grow into maturity”- commonly called as the “period of storm and stress”- “happy” and “carefree” time- seeking self identity- turning point in teenager’s life- more powerful chemical substances called hormones are produced by the endocrine glands- make the boys adolescent- make the girls impulsive in their behavior
- Early Adulthood Stage- age eighteen to forty- full life of work, mutual intimacy, and solidarity in love and work- time for commitments, settling down age- reproductive stage and marrying stage- acquire a sense of generativity as he accepts responsibilities of parenthood- enter a period of adjustments to new patterns of life and to new lifestyle- expected to make deeper commitments and adjustments to their work, spouse and children
- Middle Adulthood Stage- begins at forty to sixty- a dreaded age- a dangerous stage and time for reevaluation- time of ‘empty nest’ and ‘boredom’- people begin to realize that the first part adult life is over- termination of parental responsibilities, the husband and wife become dependent upon each other once more for companionship- a shift from family centered relationship to a pair centered relationship
- Late Adulthood or Old Age- sixty years old to death- the closing period in the life span and physical and mental activities of the individual declines/ deteriorates- senility takes place, mental disorganization- time of growing old/aging- characterized by poor adjustment: adjusting to retirement and reduced income- senile people become:- eccentric, careless, absent minded and socially withdrawn- the “stage of senescence” or “age of senility”- health problems are most prevalent during this stage