English 9 Module 1: Permission, Prohibit and Obligation

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Created by
kz

Cards (24)

  • Modal verbs

    Help when speaking about ability, making requests and offers, asking permission, and more<|>Give additional information about the function of the main verb that follows it<|>Have a great variety of communicative functions
  • Using modals to express
    1. Prohibition
    2. Obligation
    3. Permission
  • Prohibition

    Prevent, forbid, stop, or disallow someone from doing something
  • Modals of prohibition

    Can't/cannot<|>Mustn't/must not

    • You can't go in that hotel wearing slippers
    • You can't drive in this country unless you are over 18

    • You mustn't use your phone in class
    • You mustn't sleep late
  • Obligation

    A duty or commitment
  • Modals of obligation

    Have to<|>Must
  • Have to

    The obligation comes from someone else, not the speaker<|>Referring to a rule or law

    • I have to work on Saturday because your boss requires you
    • They have to wear their uniforms in school because that is the school policy
    • My doctor said that I have to stop smoking or I'll risk serious problems
  • Don't have to

    There is no obligation, you can do something if you want but it is not a requirement

    • You don't have to pay your bills in advance
    • You don't have to wear a tie to go to that restaurant
    • You don't have to wait for me
  • Must

    The obligation comes from the speaker

    • I must hand in my thesis by tomorrow
    • I really must call my parents
    • I must stop smoking, it's costing me too much money
  • Permission

    Allowing someone to do something
  • Modals of permission
    Can<|>Could

    • Can I borrow a pen?
    • Can I go now?

    • Could I open the window?
  • Can is most often used to ask for or give permission, while could is not often used
  • Passengers must not play music or talk on this part of the train
  • You can't rent a car without a credit card
  • You have to show your ID before you can enter the place
  • You can sit here, the seat is free
  • I must stand in all requirements before Friday