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• Serous membranes


  Line the trunk cavities
• Serous membranes


  • The parietal part lines the wall of the cavity
  • The visceral part is in contact with the internal organs
• Serous fluid


  Fills the space between the parietal and visceral membranes
• Serous membranes


  • Protect organs from friction
• Serous membrane cavities

  • Pericardial cavity surrounds the heart
  • Pleural cavities surround the lungs
  • Peritoneal cavity surrounds certain abdominal and pelvic organs
• Mesenteries


  Parts of the peritoneum that hold the abdominal organs in place and provide a passageway for blood vessels and nerves to organs
• Retroperitoneal organs

  Located "behind" the parietal peritoneum
• Cells


  The basic unit of life, containing organelles, which perform specific functions
• Plasma membrane


  • Forms the outer boundary of the cell
• Nucleus


  • Contains genetic material and directs cell activities
• Cytoplasm


  • Material between the nucleus and plasma membrane
• Cell functions

  • Metabolize and release energy
  • Synthesize molecules
  • Provide a means of communication
  • Reproduce
  • Provide for inheritance
• Intracellular substances


  Substances inside cells
• Extracellular (intercellular) substances


  Substances between cells
• Plasma membrane


  • Composed of a double layer of phospholipid molecules (lipid bilayer) in which proteins float (fluid-mosaic model)
• Plasma membrane proteins


  • Marker molecules
  • Attachment proteins (cadherins and integrins)
  • Transport proteins
  • Receptor proteins
  • Enzymes