Article 2: Declaration of Principles and State Policy

• Article 2: Declaration of Principles and State Policy
• Section I: The Philippine is a democratic and Republican State.
• Section 3: Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military
• Section 2: The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy
• Section 4: The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people.
• Section 5: The maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property.
• Section 6: The separation of Church and State shall be inviolable.
• Section 7: The State shall pursue an independent foreign policy.
• Foreign Policy - is the basic direction underlying the conduct by a state of its affairs vis-à-vis those

  of other States.
• Section 8: Freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory.
• Section 9: The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order.
• Section 10: The State shall promote social justice.
• Social Justice - state must give preferential attention to the welfare of the less fortunate members of

  the community.
• Section 11: The State values the dignity and guarantees full respect for human rights.
• Section 12: The State recognizes the sanctity of family life.

  Family - as the basic autonomous social institution
• Section 13: State recognize the vital role of the youth for Nation Building.
• Section 14: The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.
• Section 15: The right to health of the people and instil health consciousness among them.

  
  

  Health - is the state of physical social and mental well-being rather than merely the absence of physical disease.
• Section 16: The right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.

  
  

  Ecology - branch of science that deals with the study of the interrelationships of living things and their environment
• Section 17: The State shall give priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture, and sports.
• Section 18: The State affirms labor as a primary social economic force.
• Section 19: The State shall develop a self-reliant and independent national economy effectively controlled by Filipinos.
• Section 20: The State recognizes the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages private enterprise, and provides incentives to needed investments.
• Section 21: The State shall promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform.

  Comprehensive rural Development - covers all phases of rural development - economic, social,

  political, cultural and industrial
• Section 22: The State recognizes and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the framework of national unity and development.

  
  

  Indigenous cultural community - refers to those non-dominant group w/c possess and wish to preserve characteristic markedly different from the rest of the population.

  Ex: Ethnic, religious and linguistic traditions
• Section 23: The State shall encourage non-governmental, community-based, or sectoral organizations that promote the welfare of the nation.
• Section 24: The State recognizes the vital role of communication and information in nation-building.
• Section 25: The State shall ensure the autonomy of local governments.
• Section 26: The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law.
• Section 27: The State shall maintain honesty and integrity in the public service and take positive and effective measures against graft and corruption.
• Section 28: Subject to reasonable conditions prescribed by law, the State adopts and implements a policy of full public disclosure of all its transactions involving public interest.