SAS 1 DOC POGI

• Oral cavity


  Also called the buccal cavity or mouth, framed by the cheeks, tongue, and palate
• Oral cavity


  • Divided into two: vestibule (outer, narrower cavity) and oral cavity proper (inner, larger cavity)
• Parts of the vestibule

  • Labial vestibule (between lips and anterior teeth)
  • Buccal vestibule (between cheeks and posterior teeth)
• Parts of the oral cavity proper

  • Teeth
  • Palate (hard and soft)
  • Tongue and floor of mouth
  • Oropharynx
• Oral mucosa


  Mucous membrane that covers the inside surface of the mouth
• Types of oral mucosa

  • Lining (non-keratinized, flexible)
  • Masticatory (moderately thick, keratinized)
  • Specialized (highly extensible, with papillae)
• Lips


  Cover the orbicularis oris muscle, which regulates what comes in and goes out of the mouth
• Parts of the lips

  • Vermillion (transition area between skin and mucous membrane)
  • Oral fissure (horizontal opening between lips)
  • Labial frenum/frenulum (midline fold attaching lip to gum)
  • Philtrum (vertical hollow in upper lip)
• Parts of the cheeks

  • Nasolabial fold (indentation lines from nose to mouth corners)
  • Nasolabial sulcus (furrow between nose and lip)
  • Parotid papilla (projection at parotid duct opening)
• THE PALATE FORMS THE ROOT OF THE MOUTH AND THE FLOOR OF THE NASAL CAVITY
• The soft palate is formed by muscles covered by mucous membrane.
• The hard palate is formed by the horizontal plates of the maxillary bones.
• Interdental papilla fills the space between adjacent teeth.
• Palatine rugae are ridges situated in the anterior part of the palatal mucosa on each side of the medial palatal raphae
• Hard palate or Palatum Dursum is formed by two palatine process of the maxilla and the palatine bones.
• Mucogingival junction is the scalloped line that divided the attached gingiva from the alveolar mucosa
• Oral fissure is the aperture of the mouth, describe as the horizontal opening between the lips leading into the oral vestibule.
• Attached gingiva is keratinized and firmly attached to the bone structure through collagen fibers resulting to a clinical feature described as stippling
• Alveolus is the bony socket where tooth roots are embedded
• Free gingiva is non-keratinized and not attached to the underlying bone structure
• Dentition refers to all the teeth present in an individual at any given time
• Frenulum linguae is a fold of tissue which attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth
• Labial sulcus is the space between the labial surface of the teeth and the adjacent soft tissue
• The labial surface of the mandible is smooth and convex while its medial surface is concave
• Secondary dentition or permanent dentition consists of thirty-two (32) teeth which include eight incisors, four canines, eight premolars, twelve molars
• Primary dentition or deciduous dentition consists of twenty (20) teeth which includes eight incisors, four canines, two premolars, and six molars
• Incisor is a cutting tooth with sharp edges used for biting food
• The palate is divided by the median raphe or midline ridge into two parts namely hard palate and soft palate
• Hard palate is formed from the fusion of the maxillary bones and palatine processes of the palatine bones
• Soft palate is composed of muscles that form the posterior part of the roof of the mouth
• Mucosa is the mucous membrane that lines the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum, vagina, urethra, and other body cavities or passages.
• The maxilla has two processes, namely the alveolar process and palatine process
• Papillae are small projections found on the dorsal aspect of the tongue
• The posterior nasal spine is located near the junction of the hard and soft palate
• The anterior nasal spine is located on the midline of the upper incisors
• Primary dentition or deciduous dentition consists of twenty (20) teeth which includes two central incisors, one lateral incisor, one cuspid, two first molars, and two second molars on both upper and lower jaws.
• Incisor tooth has one root with a single cusp on the biting edge
• Mandibular ramus is the curved part of the jaw that extends from the angle downward and forward
• Maxillary sinuses are air spaces within the maxilla bones
• Canine tooth has one root with a pointed cusp on the biting edge