End of Module 10 Quizzes

• What does the SRY gene do?

  It causes a mammalian embryo to develop into a male.
• Why is it impossible to have both a penis and a clitoris?

  Either one develops from the same embryonic structure.
• What is the main difference between organizing effects and activating effects of hormones?

  Organizing effects are long-lasting, whereas activating effects are temporary.
• What causes an embryo to develop female external genitals?

  A low level of testosterone, regardless of estradiol.
• How does sexual differentiation of the brain differ between rodents and primates?

  In rodents, testosterone must be aromatized to estradiol before it affects developing neurons.
• Which of these is true about sex differences in brain anatomy?

  The mechanisms of sexual differentiation vary from one area to another.
• Prenatal exposure to higher than average levels of testosterone produces what effect, if any, on girls?

  It leads to higher than average interest in boys’ toys and activities.
• When an antidepressant drug increases serotonin levels, which inhibits dopamine release, what happens to sexual behavior?

  Decreased sexual arousal
• Compared to other men, what are the testosterone levels of married men?

  Lower than average
• What does the combination pill for birth control contain?

  Estradiol and progesterone
• Female sex drive depends on which hormone or hormones?

  Estradiol
• Vasopressin increases male mammals’ probability of which behavior?

  Care for young
• What is meant by the term “sexual selection”?

  Evolution favors characteristics that make an individual more appealing to the opposite sex.
• Evolutionary psychologists try to explain which of the following phenomena?

  On average, men are more interested in multiple sex partners than women are.
• Congenital adrenal hypertrophy results from a genetic disability to produce normal amounts of which hormone?

  Cortisol
• A girl’s interest in boys’ toys correlates positively with which of the following?

  Exposure to testosterone before birth
• What causes testicular feminization, in which a genetic male looks female?

  Lack of receptors for testosterone
• When genetic males appeared to be female at birth, but developed a male anatomy at puberty, what happened to their gender identity?

  They switched to a male identity.
• The conclusion that sexual orientation is partly heritable depends mainly on what evidence?

  Comparisons of monozygotic and dizygotic twins
• Which of the following would increase the probability that a boy will develop a homosexual orientation?

  Having a biological older brother, even if he did not live in the same house.
• In what way was INAH-3 distinctive for most of the homosexual men, in comparison to heterosexual men, in LeVay’s study and the follow-up research?

  This nucleus had neurons with smaller than average volume.