cell

• Cell - are basic structures of all living organisms
• Unicellular - organism that consists one cell
• Multicellular - organism made up of many cell
• Microscopic Organism- cannot be seen by the human eye without the use of microscope
• Macroscopic Organism - can be seen by the plain human eye
• Organism - living system that can metabolize, grow, and adapt
• Microscope - instrument used to magnify a tiny object
• Cellula - small compartment
• Micrographia - detailed handbook on microscopy
• Anton Van Leeuwenhoek - scientist who studied the cateria, blood, cell and protoists
• Matthias Jakob Schlieden - professor of botany in Germany. He stated that all plants are composed of cells
• Theodor Schwann - a professor of physiology at the University of Belgium. He stated several slides of animal tissues in which he stated that animals are composed of cell
• Plasma membrane - provides the structure for the cell
• Plasma membrane is surrounded by a cell wall
• Plant cell contains plastids
• Plastids provide color and acts a storage
• Chlorophyll provides the green color and is used by plants to make food
• Cytoplasm contains all organelles inside the nucleus
• Endoplasmic reticulum - where protein synthesis happens in a cell
• Rough endoplasmic reticulum -translation of new proteins
• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum - synthesizes lipids, phospholipids, and steroids
• Golgi apparatus - where proteins are processed and packaged
• Lysosome - suicide bag of the cell, it is where cell waste is digested
• Mitochondrion - the powerhouse of the cell
• Ribosome - protein manufacturer of the cell
• Vacuole - found in plants cell, where the plants stores nutrients and watse
• Cytoskeleton - gives structure to the cell
• Centriole - cylinder- like structure found in pairs that play a role in a cell division
• Nucleus - the control center of cell
• Nucleus contains chromosomes
• Protoplasm colorless material that includes cytoplasm and the nucleus of the cell
• Diffusion - molecule moving from an are to a higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
• Osmosis - water moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
• Hypotonic solution - has a lower concentration of solute than the cell, making the cell swell as water enters the cell
• Hypersonic solution - has a higher concentration of solute than the cell, making the cell shrink as water leaves the cell
• Isotonic solution - has equal concentration, therefore the cell neither shrink nor swell
• Testosterone - derived from the cholesterol of testes
• Estrogen and Progesterone - derived from the cholesterol of ovaries
• Protiens - building blocks of life which contain amino acids
• Myosin and Actin - reponsible for the muscle cell contraction