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• Individual Psychology(ALFRED ADLER)


  A psychoanalytic and psychodynamic theory that focuses on the uniqueness of each individual and the subjective perceptions they have of themselves and the world
• Individual Psychology

  • Emphasizes the study of the individual as a whole, rather than focusing solely on unconscious drives or conflicts
  • Influenced fields such as psychology, education, and counseling
• Key concepts in Individual Psychology

  • Holism
  • Striving for Superiority
  • Inferiority Complex
  • Birth Order
  • Social Interest
  • Creative Self
  • Fictional Finalism
  • Community Feeling
  • Lifestyle
  • Encouragement
• Holism

  Viewing individuals as unified wholes, the psyche cannot be divided into isolated components
• Striving for Superiority


  Individuals are motivated by a universal drive to overcome feelings of inferiority and strive for superiority
• Inferiority Complex

  When individuals feel unable to overcome their perceived inferiorities, they may develop an inferiority complex
• Birth Order

  The position of individuals in their family can impact their personality and behavior
• Social Interest

  An individual's innate potential to cooperate with others for the social good
• Creative Self

  An individual's ability to shape their personality and create their unique style of life
• Fictional Finalism

  Individuals are motivated by imagined goals or values rather than by past events
• Community Feeling

  An individual's concern for the welfare of others and their ability to contribute positively to society
• Lifestyle

  A consistent way of thinking, feeling, and behaving that shapes an individual's interactions with the world
• Encouragement

  Adlerian therapy places a strong emphasis on encouraging the individual to explore their goals, capabilities, and potential for social interest
• Ego Psychology


  A psychoanalytic approach that focuses on the role of the ego in controlling impulses and assisting with planning and interacting with the external environment
• Three interrelated aspects of the Ego

  • Body Ego
  • Ego Ideal
  • Ego Identity
• Body Ego

  One's experience with their own body, such as being sickly, healthy, abused, battered, etc.
• Ego Ideal


  The image we have of ourselves as compared with an established ideal, such as role models or anyone that a person imitates
• Ego Identity


  The image we have of ourselves in a variety of social roles
• Psychosocial Development of Personality Stages by Erik Erikson

  • Basic trust vs basic mistrust
  • Autonomy vs shame and doubt
  • Initiative vs guilt
  • Industry vs inferiority
  • Identity vs identity confusion
  • Intimacy vs isolation
  • Generativity vs stagnation
  • Ego integrity vs despair
• Psychosocial development of personality refers to the development of personality includes the acquisition of social attitudes and skills, from infancy through maturity