bones

• Bones have two main parts the soft and the hard part
• Soft part: This part is mostly collagen, making the bone slightly heavy.
• Hard part: This part is calcium, making the bones hard
• Bones also have two main structural parts:

  Compact and spongy
• Compact bone: Hard outside part of the bone:
• Spongy bone: light, honeycomb-like part where red blood cells are produced
• Bones also have functions such as:

  Support, protection, movement, and production.
• Support: Bones are like the frame of a tent, holding our body up
• Protection: Bones act like a helmet for our internal organs
• Movement: Bones and muscles work together to help us move
• Production: Blood cells are produced
• Bone formation, also called ossification, is a process that starts before birth and continues as we grow.
• 1. Early stage: Bones start as soft cartilage.
• 1. Ossification: Special cells called osteoblasts deposit calcium, turning the cartilage into hard bone.
• 1. Growth: Bones grow longer from areas called growth plates at the ends of long bones.
• 1. Remodeling: Throughout life, bones constantly break down and rebuild to stay strong.
• There are many types of fractures in a bone injury such as:

  simple, compound, greenstick, and stress fracture.
• Simple fracture: The bone breaks cleanly into two pieces.
• Compound fracture: The broken bone pierces through the skin.
• Greenstick fracture: The bone bends and partially breaks (common in children).
• Stress fracture: Tiny cracks in the bone from repetitive force.
• There are also three types of injuries that could occur:

  A fracture, sprain, and strain.
• Fractures involve a break in the bone.
• Sprains affect ligaments (tissues connecting bones to other bones).
• Strains affect muscles or tendons (tissues connecting muscles to bones).