WHAT...

• The circulatory system transports blood, oxygen, and nutrients throughout the body.
• The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that the body can use.
• The human body is made up of different systems that work together to keep us alive.
• Blood is made up of plasma (liquid), red blood cells (carry oxygen), white blood cells (fight infection), platelets (help with clotting).
• Veins return blood back to the heart from other parts of the body.
• Arteries carry blood away from the heart to other parts of the body.
• The immune system protects the body from infection and disease.
• The nervous system controls all functions of the body and sends messages between cells.
• Mouth - where food enters the body, teeth break down food into smaller pieces, saliva contains enzymes that start breaking down carbohydrates.
• Esophagus - tube that carries food from mouth to stomach.
• Stomach - mixes food with acid and enzymes to break it down further.
• Esophagus - muscular tube that moves food towards stomach
• Small intestine - absorbs nutrients from digested food.
• Large intestine - absorbs water from undigested food and forms feces.
• Parts of the skeletal system are: bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and muscles.
• Bones protect internal organs, support body weight, allow movement, store minerals, produce blood cells, and anchor muscles.
• Ligament


  Tough bands of connective tissue that connect bones to other bones.
• Collagen fibers


  Strong, thread-like proteins that provide strength to ligaments.
• Elastin fibers


  Elastic proteins that allow ligaments to stretch slightly.
• Sprain


  A stretching or partial tearing of a ligament.
• Rupture


  A complete tear of a ligament.
• Grade I injury


  Mild stretching of a ligament.
• Grade II injury


  Partial tear of a ligament.
• Grade III injury


  Complete tear of a ligament.
• Proprioception


  The body's ability to sense its position and movement in space.
• Joint stability


  The ability of a joint to maintain its position and function during movement.
• ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament)


  A key ligament in the knee that prevents the tibia from sliding too far forward.
• Ground substance


  A gel-like material that surrounds collagen and elastin fibers in ligaments.
• Fibroblasts


  Cells that produce and maintain connective tissue, including ligaments.