mitosis

Cards (9)

  • G1 phase or first growth phase is where the cell produces new proteins, grows and carries out its normal tasks for the body. it ends when DNA begins to duplicate 
  • S phase or synthesis phase is when the DNA molecules in the cell nucleus form exact copies (DNA replication)
  • G2 phase -or second growth phase is when the cell prepares for cell division
  • interphase is the period between divisions where the cell goes through G1, S and G2. the cell is in interphase 90% of the time
  • during prophase , two pairs of centrioles become visible which move to opposite ends of cell and microtubules begin to radiate from them. the nucleolus disappears and nuclear membrane begins to break down. chromatin threads of DNA become tightly coiled and are now seen as chromosomes. by the end of prophase, centrioles have reached opposite poles, some microtubules join to form framework of fibres called spindle, the nuclear membrane has completely disappeared and chromosomes migrate towards equator of the cell 
  • during metaphase, the chromosomes line up on equator of spindle and the centromere of each pair is attached to a spindle fibre
  • during anaphase, each pair of chromatids separate at centromere, and are pulled away from one another towards opposite poles by spindle fibres
  • during telophase, chromosomes form tight groups at each pole. the nuclear membrane forms around each group and a nucleolus appears in each new nucleus. the spindle fibres disappear and the chromosomes gradually uncoil to become chromatin 
  • cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm. it beings while the events of telophase are occurring. a furrow develops in cytoplasm between two nuclei. the furrow deepens until it cuts cytoplasm into two