urban living

• Cities

  • Large Population Size
  • High Population Density
  • Built-Up Area
  • Housing and Public Spaces
  • Infrastructure and Transport Systems
  • Range of Functions
• Large Population Size
• High Population Density
• Built-Up Area
• Housing and Public Spaces
• Infrastructure and Transport Systems
• Range of Functions
• Challenges of cities

  • Overpopulation
  • Traffic Congestion
  • Housing Affordability
  • Infrastructure Strain
  • Environmental Degradation
  • Public Health Concerns
  • Crime and Safety
  • Waste Management
• High population density can lead to overcrowding, strain on resources, and inadequate housing
• Increased vehicular traffic results in congestion, longer commute times, and higher pollution levels
• Rapid urbanization and high demand for housing often lead to increased property prices and rent, making affordable housing scarce
• Aging or inadequate infrastructure can struggle to meet the demands of growing populations, leading to issues like power outages, water shortages, and deteriorating public transport
• Urbanization can lead to pollution, loss of green spaces, and increased carbon emissions, contributing to climate change and health issues
• High population density and pollution can contribute to public health issues, including the spread of infectious diseases and chronic conditions like asthma
• Urban areas may experience higher crime rates, requiring effective law enforcement and community safety measures
• Managing the large volumes of waste generated by urban populations is a significant challenge, requiring efficient recycling and disposal systems
• Housing plays a fundamental role in people's lives and has a significant impact on their well-being and quality of life
• Provision of Basic Needs

  • Housing provides shelter
  • Protects individuals and families from the elements
  • Provides a safe and secure living space
  • Offers privacy
  • Facilitates access to basic amenities
• Access to Amenities

  • Determines proximity to essential amenities
  • Access to grocery shops
  • Access to healthcare facilities
  • Access to schools
  • Access to parks
  • Access to public transportation
• Community and Social Interactions

  • Serves as a place where communities are formed
  • Facilitates social interactions
  • Develops relationships and support networks
  • Contributes to social cohesion
  • Reduces social isolation
  • Fosters a sense of community identity
• Access to amenities is crucial for meeting daily needs, accessing healthcare services, education, recreational activities, and improving overall quality of life
• Strong social connections within housing communities contribute to social cohesion, reduce social isolation, and foster a sense of community identity
• These interactions can have positive effects on mental health, social well-being, and overall happiness
• Formal housing


  Residential buildings constructed according to legal standards set by authorities
• Formal housing


  • Developed and managed by professional organizations
  • Involves a structured process of planning, design, and construction
  • Ensures safety, habitability, and quality standards
• Formal housing ensures that the structures are safe, habitable, and meet certain quality standards
• Examples of formal housing


  • Apartment buildings
  • Condominiums
  • Housing estates
• Formal housing is usually connected to basic infrastructure services such as water supply, sanitation, electricity, and transportation networks
• Formal housing provides residents with a legal right to occupy the land