summary_validation

• What are the three main components of hardware mentioned in the study material?

  Input, output, and computer (including memory and CPU)
• What is the role of memory in a computer?

  Memory stores data temporarily (RAM) and permanently (ROM)
• What does software consist of?


  A sequence of orders formulated by programs
• What is machine language?

  It is a set of symbolic instruction codes usually in binary form
• What are the advantages of using modules in software development?

  Modules allow for reuse, reduce complexity, and make error detection easier
• What is a database?

  An organized collection of data stored in a computer
• What is the purpose of a network?

  To allow multiple computers to communicate and exchange data

  
• What are the types of networks mentioned?

  PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN
• What is the function of TCP and IP in networking?

  TCP is for Transmission Control Protocol and IP is for Internet Protocol
• What is a server?

  A computer dedicated to calculation and storage without a screen or keyboard
• What is the Internet described as in the study material?

  The biggest internetwork
• What is a business process?

  A sequence of steps/actions aimed at generating a product or service
• What is computer architecture?

  The fundamental organization of the computer system
• What are the phases of computer architecture mentioned?

  Mainframe, PC & client-server, browser/cloud
• What is an information system?

  The combination of IT hardware, software, processes, and people who use it
• What is the first step in defining a problem in algorithm development?

  The problem must be fully and accurately defined
• What is a solution strategy in algorithm development?

  The choice of a solution method and data representation
• What are some representations of an algorithm?

  Flow Chart, Nassi-Schneidermann diagram, Pseudo Code

  
• What is the purpose of compiling in programming?

  To detect syntax errors and translate into machine language
• What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

  A compiler translates the entire program, while an interpreter executes instructions immediately
• What is the purpose of testing in programming?

  To ensure results are logically correct and compare with other methods
• What is the purpose of documenting in programming?

  To help third parties understand, modify, improve, or complete the program
• Why is maintenance important in programming?

  Programs eventually need to be updated and changes must be reported in documentation
• What are the steps in programming as mentioned in the study material?

  1. Problem definition
  2. Solution strategy
  3. Representation of the algorithm
  4. Programming
  5. Compiling
  6. Testing
  7. Documenting
  8. Maintenance
• In what applications are algorithms used today?

  Computers, cryptography, information routing, resource planning, image processing, text processing, bio-computing
• What is an algorithm?

  A method to solve a problem through a sequence of actions leading to a goal
• What is a flow chart?

  A scheme with basic figures that includes instructions connected by lines or arrows

  
• What are the basic figures used in a flow chart?

  Process, Input/Output, Choice, Begin/End, Comment, Sub-process

  
• What does a sequence flow indicate in process modeling?

  It indicates the order in which activities are performed

  
• What is BPMN?

  Business Process Model and Notation
• What is the purpose of a use case diagram?

  To denote the interaction between a system and its users and the hierarchical relation between functionalities
• What is UML?

  Unified Modeling Language
• What does an actor represent in a use case diagram?

  An actor denotes a role a user plays in the system
• What does the include relationship in a use case diagram denote?

  That a use case includes the use of another use case
• What is the purpose of a Gantt Chart in project management?

  To visualize the schedule of a project

  
• What is the first step in creating a project?

  New Project
• What is the purpose of creating a milestone in project management?


  To track an important event in the project
• What is the purpose of a resource sheet in project management?

  To list the resources required for the project
• What does task usage indicate in project management?

  It shows how resources are allocated to tasks
• What is the purpose of a network diagram in project management?

  To visualize the sequence of tasks and their dependencies