Bis

• What are some reasons why many IT projects fail?

  Shortages or absence of agreements and wrong explanation or misrepresentation
• Why is knowledge of IT important for a company?

  It facilitates good communication and efficiency
• How does IT improve efficiency in businesses like Amazon?

  By enabling fast order processing and tracking
• What did Geert Noels say about IT's role in the economy?

  IT is one of the major forces in our economy
• What percentage of investments are related to IT?

  51%
• What is the return on IT versus IT investment paradox?

  High investments in IT do not always mean higher productivity
• What is the percentage of IT projects that fail?

  80 to 90%
• How is business/IT alignment defined?

  Applying IT in an appropriate and timely way in harmony with business strategies, goals, and needs
• What are the risks associated with business/IT alignment?

  Smooth progress depends on the appropriate functioning of IT
• What problems can arise if IT is down?

  Issues with web-shop, management of orders, payments, and customer service
• What are the main components of business and IT considerations?

  Business:

  • Cost
  • Benefits
  • Timing
  • Strategy
  • Functional Requirements

  
  

  IT:

  • Technology
  • Design
  • Programming
  • Technical Constraints
• What is hardware in the context of IT?

  Hardware refers to physical components increasingly present in modern society
• What is software?

  Software is a sequence of orders formulated by programs and converted into machine language
• What is machine language?

  Machine language is a set of symbolic instruction codes usually in binary form
• What are the benefits of using modules in software?

  Modules allow for reuse, less complexity, splitting into sub-problems, easier error detection, and collaboration
• What is a database?

  A database is an organized collection of data stored in a computer relational database

  
• What is a network in IT?

  A network consists of multiple computers that communicate and exchange data

  
• What are the types of networks?

  PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN
• What are protocols in networking?

  Protocols are rules that govern data communication over networks, such as TCP and IP
• What is the function of servers?

  Servers are computers dedicated to calculation and storage without a screen or keyboard
• What is the Internet?

  The Internet is the biggest internetwork
• What is computer architecture?

  Computer architecture is the fundamental organization of the computer system
• What are the phases of computer architecture?

  Phase 1: mainframe, Phase 2: PC & client server, Phase 3: browser/cloud
• What is a business process?

  A business process is a sequence of steps/actions aimed at generating a product or service
• What is an information system?

  An information system is the combination of IT hardware, software, processes, and people who use it
• What is an algorithm?

  An algorithm is a method to solve a problem through a sequence of actions leading to a goal
• What are the representations of an algorithm?

  Flow Chart, Nassi-Schneidermann-diagram, Pseudo Code

  
• What is a flow chart?

  A flow chart is a scheme with basic figures and instructions connected by lines/arrows

  
• How would you convert miles to kilometers in an algorithm?

  By using the relationship: 1 mile = 1.609 km

  
• What are the steps in programming an algorithm?

  1. Problem definition

  2. Solution Strategy

  3. Representation of the algorithm

  4. Programming

  5. Compiling

  6. Testing

  7. Documenting

  8. Maintenance
• What is process modeling?

  Process modeling is used to analyze, document, and create processes in an IT system
• What does BPMN stand for?

  Business Process Model and Notation
• What is the current version of BPMN?

  The current version is BPMN 2.0
• What are the elements of BPMN?

  Start event, End event, Task, Sequence flow
• What does a start event indicate in BPMN?

  A start event indicates the trigger of a process
• What does an end event indicate in BPMN?

  An end event indicates the result of a process
• What is a task in BPMN?

  A task is an activity that is not broken down to more detail
• What does a sequence flow indicate in BPMN?

  A sequence flow indicates the order in which activities are performed

  
• What does a pool represent in BPMN?

  A pool represents the central entity or an external participant
• What does a lane represent in BPMN?

  A lane represents a sub-partition of a pool or another lane