Tissue Fluid

• Tissue fluid Diagram 1

  A) Artery

  B) Arteriole

  C) Sphincter

  D) bypass

  E) Capillary

  F) bypass

  G) lymph

  H) semi-lunar

  I) lymph node

  J) venule

  K) semi-lunar

  L) vein

  M) nutrients

  N) waste products

  O) tissue fluid

  P) blood plasma

  Q) tissue fluid

  R) lymph

  S) blood

  T) tissue fluid

  U) lymph

  
• Tissue fluid diagram 2

  A) Capillary

  B) Arteriole

  C) venule

  D) water forced out of capillary

  E) hydrostatic pressure > Oncotic pressure

  F) lymph

  G) 15%

  H) lymph vessel

  I) water re-enters capillary

  J) 85%

  
• Tissue fluid is forced out at the arterial end of the capillary, as the hydrostatic pressure is greater than the oncotic pressure (form of osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the blood plasma, particularly albumin; tissue fluid flows down a pressure gradient - no diffusion)
• Tissue fluid holds water, nutrients, oxygen, small plasma proteins, hormones and some WBCs that squeezed through; most blood cells and larger plasma proteins remain in the capillary as they can’t fit through the capillary wall
• Venous end of capillary bed: Tissue fluid contains less oxygen and nutrients but gained waste; 85% of tissue fluid returns to blood plasma due to oncotic pressure (ψ gradient), the oncotic pressure in plasma is lower because the presence of larger plasma proteins (e.g. albumin) alsothe remaining 15% of tissue fluid flows into the blind-ended lymphatic capillaries
• The purpose of tissue fluid is to act as a medium of exchange between the body’s cells and the circulatory system; it bathes body cells, then it either diffuses into lymphatic system or returns to blood capillaries, what enters the lymphatic system returns to blood when the lymphatic vessel empties into the subclavian vein in the chest