ANAPHY DEFINITION OF TERMS

• The maintenance of the relatively constant internal environment despite flunctuations in the external environment

  Homeostasis
• scientific discipline that investigates the structure of the body.

  Ex. the parts and chambers of the heart

  Anatomy
• means to dissect, or cut apart and separate, the parts of the body for study

  anatomy
• examines the relationship between the structure of a body part and its function.Ex. structure of a hammer, use of driving nails into the wood and bone tissue, enables the bone to provide strength and support

  anatomy
• 2 Basic approach to study of anatomy

  1. systemic anatomy and regional anatomy
• study of the body by systems

  systemic anatomy
• study of the organization of the body by areas, within each region , such as the head, abdomen and arm, all systems are studied simultaenously. approach taken in medical and dental schools

  regional anatomy
• Anatomists 2 general ways to examine the internal structures of a living person

  Surface anatomy and Anatomical Imaging
• study of external features, such as bony projections, which serves as landmarks for locating deeper structure. Ex. sternum(breastbone) is used by health professionals as landmark for listening to heart sound.

  surface anatomy
• is used by health professionals as landmark for listening to heart sound.

  sternum(breastbone)
• involves the use of x-rays, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), and other technologies to create pictures of internal structures, such as when determining if a bone is broken or a ligament is torn.

  Anatomical imaging
• both surface anatomy and anatomical imaging provides important information for diagnosing disease

  true
• the study of nature

  physiology
• scientific discipline that deals with the processes or functions of living things

  physiology
• its important in physiology to recognize structures as 


  dynamic
• 2 major goals when studying physiology

  (1) examining body's response to stimuli and (2) examining body's maintenance of stable internal conditions
• study of humans

  human physiology
• like anatomy, physiology can be studies at multiple levels

  true
• focuses on processes inside cells such as manufacturing of substances, including proteins

  cellular physiology
• focuses on the functions of organ system

  systemic physiology
• -  body structure

    -  means to dissect


  anatomy
•   - processes, functions


  physiology
• anatomy and physiology understand how the body:

  responds to stimuli, environmental changes, environmental cues, diseases, injury, - maintains stable, internal conditions

  despite continually changing environment
•   studies body systems

  systemic anatomy
•   studies body regions (medical schools)

  regional
•   studies external features, e.g., bone projections

  surface anatomy
•   using technologies (x-rays, ultrasound, MRI)

  anatomical imaging
• structural changes that occur between conception and adulthood

  developmental anatomy
• study the changes from conception to eight weeks of pregnancy

  embryology
• structural features of cell


  cytology
• study of tissues

  histology
• study of structure that is visible to the naked eye

  gross anatomy
• study of disease and their effects on the body and mind

  pathology
• SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINE THAT INVESTIGATES THE BODY’S STRUCTURES

  anatomy
• dissection of the body remained an exception to the rule and professor would read the books of ancient physician Galen

  Fasciolo de Medicina, Depiction of an Anatomy Lecture(1493)
• ancient physician where his assistants performed the actual dissection without paying much attention to anatomical findings revealed by opening the body

  Galen
• studies the structural changes that occur between conception and adulthood.

  DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY
• subspecialty of developmental anatomy. considers changes from conception to the end of the eight week of development.

  EMBRYOLOGY
• examines the structural features of cells.

  CYTOLOGY
• examines tissues, which are composed of cells and the material surrounding them.

  HISTOLOGY