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Component 3
3.5: the nervous system
Synapses and drugs
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Cards (6)
What are the 2 categories of drugs?
Agonists
and
antagonists
What do agonists do?
increases
depolarisation
of
post-synaptic
neurone
stimulants
more
acetylcholine
released
acetylcholine
is
not
broken down
more
Ca2+
channels
open
All of these mean
more
acetylcholine
binds to
receptor proteins
, so
more
Na+
channels
open
What do antagonists do?
decreases depolarisation of post-synaptic neurone
sedatives
less acetylcholine released
blocks the binding site on the
receptor protein
, so acetylcholine can't bind
blocks Na+ / Ca2+ channels/reuptake proteins
All of these mean less acetylcholine binding to receptor proteins, so fewer Na+ channels open
What 2 things are organophosphates used for?
Pesticides
and
nerve agents
Which aspect of synaptic transmission do organophosphates affect?
Breakdown
of
acetylcholine
by
acetylcholinesterase
(they are a
non-competitive
inhibitor)
What happens to acetylcholine as a result of using organophosphates?How does this affect the post-synaptic neurone?
It does
not
get
broken
down
and remains
attached
to the
receptor
proteins
on the
post-synaptic
membrane
Na+
channels are always
open
and always
depolarised
(
agonists
)
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