Laws of Motion

• Who formulated the laws of motion?

  Sir Isaac Newton
• What do Newton's laws of motion describe?

  They describe how forces affect the motion of objects.
• What is Newton's First Law of Motion also known as?

  - The law of inertia - States that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
• What does inertia refer to in Newton's First Law?

  Inertia is the resistance to change in motion.
• What happens when balanced forces act on an object?

  There is no change in motion.
• What causes changes in motion according to Newton's First Law?

  Unbalanced forces.
• What will happen to a book on a table if no force is applied?

  The book will remain at rest.
• What does Newton's Second Law of Motion describe?

  The relationship between force, mass, and acceleration.
• What is the mathematical expression of Newton's Second Law?

  $F =$$ma$
• What happens to acceleration if mass increases while force remains constant?

  Acceleration decreases.
• What happens to acceleration if force increases while mass remains constant?

  Acceleration increases.
• What force pair is at work when you are standing still?

  Your weight pushing down and the ground pushing up.
• What happens when you jump off a boat?

  You push the boat backwards as you move forwards.
• What are action-reaction pairs according to Newton's Third Law?

  Forces that are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction acting on different objects.
• What does Newton's Third Law of Motion state?

  For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
• If a shopping trolley requires more force to accelerate than an empty box, what law does this illustrate?

  Newton's Second Law of Motion.
• How do Newton's laws apply to real-world scenarios?

  1. **First Law**: - Passenger lurching forward when a car stops suddenly - Objects sliding on a table when a tablecloth is quickly pulled away 2. Second Law: - Heavy truck needing more force to accelerate compared to a small car - Tennis ball traveling faster when hit with more force 3. Third Law: - Rocket launching (exhaust gases push down, rocket goes up) - Recoil felt when firing a gun
• What law explains why you move backwards when you push off against a wall while ice skating?

  Newton's Third Law of Motion.
• How do Newton's laws help engineers and scientists?

  They help design safer vehicles, improve athletic performance, and explore space.