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• Feminine Psychology


  An approach that focuses on social, economic, and political issues confronting women throughout their lives
• Karen Horney


  A psychologist known for her work in feminine psychology and neurotic personality
• Feminine psychology emerged as a reaction to male-dominated developmental theories
• Horney argued that male realities cannot describe female psychology
• Neurosis


  A maladaptive and counterproductive way of dealing with relationships
• Neurotic individuals are unhappy and seek relationships to feel good about themselves
• Horney's significant contribution to personality theory

  • Moving Toward People
  • Moving Against People
  • Moving Away from People
• Moving Toward People


  A coping mechanism where individuals seek help and acceptance from others
• Moving Against People


  A coping mechanism where individuals project their own hostilities onto others
• Moving Away from People

  A coping mechanism characterized by asocial behavior and indifference to others
• Real Self


  Things that are true about us at any particular time
• Ideal Self


  Our concept of what we would like to become
• Neurotic people's impression of the real self is distorted
• The ideal self becomes an unrealistic, immutable dream for neurotic individuals
• Tyranny of the Should


  The drive to meet unrealistic ideals rather than accepting reality
• Erich Fromm


  A psychologist who believed that human beings are not genetically aggressive
• Fromm argued that destructiveness and cruelty emerge only when life forces are frustrated
• Fromm's Five Character Types

  • The Receptive Type
  • The Exploitative Type
  • The Hoarding Type
  • The Marketing Type
  • The Productive Type
• The Receptive Type


  Characterized by a need for constant support and dependency on others
• The Exploitative Type


  Willing to lie, cheat, and manipulate others to fulfill their needs
• The Hoarding Type

  Copes with insecurity by never parting with anything. often collect massive amount of possession
• The Marketing Type

  Views relationships in terms of what can be gained from them
• The Productive Type


  Channels negative feelings into productive work and builds meaningful relationships
• No individual represents only one character type; it is a combination of various types
• Interpersonal Theory


  A theory that explains the role of interpersonal relationships in shaping personalities
• Harry Stack Sullivan


  A psychologist who emphasized the importance of social experiences in personality development
• Sullivan listed six stages in personality development prior to maturity
• Personology(henry murray)

  A theory focused on genetic and maturational factors in development of personality
• Complex


  An enduring integral that determines the course of later development
• Five complexes of a person according to Murray


  • Claustral Complexes
  • Oral Complexes
  • Anal Complexes
  • Urethral Complex
  • Genital Complex
• Claustral Complexes

  Residuals of the uterine or pre-natal experience of the individual
• Oral Complexes


  Derivatives of early feeding experiences
• Anal Complexes


  Derived from events associated with defecation and bowel training
• Urethral Complex


  Associated with excessive ambition and distorted self-esteem
• Genital Complex


  Fear growing out of masturbation and parental punishment
• Fromm believed that no one exhibits a pure orientation of character types
• simple claustral complex


  wish to reinstate the condition similar to those prevailing before birth. desire to be in small, warm, dark place. tends to be dependent on others, passive and orientef toward safe
• fear of insupport complex


  anxiety due to helplessness. fear open spaces, falling, drowning, fires, earthquakes or simply any situation involving novelty and change
• aggression complex


  anxiety directed against suffocation and confinement. prefer open spaces, fresh air, travel, movement and change
• oral succorance complex


  oral act. in combination with passive and dependent tendencies. sucking, kissing, eating, hunger of affection, sympathy, protection and love