Policies on Agrarian Reform

• What are the policies of Agrarian Reform during Spanish Era?

  System of Pueblo Agriculture, Law of Indies, Hacienda System
• System of Pueblo Agriculture - the king owned the land and people who cultivated them needed to pay a tariff
• Law of Indies - the Spanish crown awarded tracts of land to the religious orders, repaeranientos, for the Spanish military, and Spanish encomenderos
• Law of Indies - under this, the Filipinos were not allowed to own lands but only work for them and pay a tariff
• Hacienda System - this method fast-tracked the colony's entry to the capitalistic world
• Hacienda System - under this system, a law was enacted ordering landholders to register their land, and only those who knew benefitted from this
• Philippine Bill of 1902 - provided regulations on the disposal of public lands
• Philippine Bill of 1902 - stated that a private individual may own 16 hectares of land while corporate landholders may have 1024 hectares
• Torrens System (Land Registration Act) - address the absence of earlier records of issued land titles and conduct accurate land surveys
• What are examples of peasant uprisings?

  Colorum, Sakdal Uprising
• Sakdal Uprising - a peasant rebellion in Central Luzon that lasted for two days
• Filipino word "sakdal" means "to accuse"
• Partido Sakdalista - In 1933, they demanded reforms from the government, such as the abolition of taxes and "equal or common" ownership of land, among others
• National Rice and Corn Corporation (NARIC) - created to assign public defenders to assist peasants in court battles for their rights to the land
• Court of Industrial Relations - formed to exercise jurisdiction over disagreements arising from landowner-tenant relationship
• What is the meaning of the acronym NLSA?

  National Land Settlement Administration
• Republic Act No. 34 - under the administration of President Roxas, establish a 70-30 sharing arrangement between tenant and landlord
• What does LASEDECO means?

  Land Settlement Development Corporation
• Land Settlement Development Corporation - was established to accelerate and expand the resettlement program for peasants
• LASEDECO later became NARRA, which means?

  National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration
• President Elpidio Quirino - was the president during the formation of LASEDECO
• President Ramon Magsaysay - was the president during NARRA
• Republic Act No. 1199 or Agricultural Tenancy Act - was passed to govern the relationship between landholders and tenant farmers, protecting the tenurial rights of tenants and enforced tenancy practices
• Court of Agricultural Relations - under the RA No. 1199, was created to improve tenancy security, fix land rentals of tenanted farms, and resolve land disputes
• Agricultural Tenancy Commission - was also established to administer problems created by tenancy
• What does ACCFA means?

  Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration
• Agricultural Credit and Cooperative Financing Administration - created to provide warehouse facilities and assist farmers in marketing their products
• Huks - a movement of rebels in Central Luzon
• What was the major stride in land reform during the term of President Diosdado Macapagal?

  Republic Act No. 3844 (Agricultural Land Reform Code)
• What was the core of agrarian reform during Marcos Regime?

  Presidential Decree No. 27 (Code of Agrarian Reform of the Philippines)
• Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program - it enabled the redistribution of agricultural lands to tenant-farmers from landowners
• What does CARPER means?

  Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Extension with Reforms
• Republic Act No. 9700 (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Extension with Reforms) - the amendatory law that extended the deadline to five more involving the implementation of the provisions of CARP