Psychology approaches chat gpt

• What is the main assumption of the Biological approach?

  All behavior is influenced by genetics, neurochemistry, and the structure and function of the brain.
• What are neurotransmitters and why are they important?

  • Neurotransmitters are chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse.
  • They are crucial for regulating mood, behavior, and cognition.
• What role does evolution play in the Biological approach?

  The Biological approach suggests that behaviors have evolved through natural selection, increasing the likelihood of survival and reproduction.
• What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

  • Genotype: An individual’s genetic makeup.
  • Phenotype: The expression of genes influenced by the environment.
• What is the primary assumption of the Behaviourist approach?

  All behavior is learned through interactions with the environment, and learning occurs through conditioning.
• What is classical conditioning?

  Classical conditioning is learning through association, demonstrated by Pavlov’s experiment with dogs associating a bell with food.
• What is operant conditioning?


  Operant conditioning is learning through consequences, where behaviors are shaped by reinforcement or punishment (Skinner’s Box).
• Define positive and negative reinforcement.


  • Positive reinforcement: Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase behavior.
  • Negative reinforcement: Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior.
• What is the main focus of the Cognitive approach?


  The Cognitive approach focuses on internal mental processes such as memory, perception, and problem-solving.
• What are schemas?

  Schemas are mental frameworks that help organize and interpret information based on previous experiences.
• What is the information processing model in Cognitive psychology?

  The brain is likened to a computer, with information being input, processed, and output as behavior.
• What is cognitive neuroscience?


  Cognitive neuroscience studies the biological processes behind cognitive functions, often using brain imaging techniques.
• What is the primary assumption of Social Learning Theory (SLT)?

  SLT proposes that behavior is learned through observation and imitation of role models.
• What is vicarious reinforcement?

  Vicarious reinforcement occurs when an individual learns by observing the consequences of another person’s behavior.
• What are mediational processes in SLT?

  Mediational processes are cognitive factors (attention, retention, reproduction, motivation) that occur between observing a behavior and imitating it.
• What was Bandura’s Bobo Doll experiment?

  In Bandura’s Bobo Doll experiment, children who observed an adult behaving aggressively toward a doll were more likely to imitate that aggressive behavior.
• What is the nervous system, and what are its two main divisions?


  The nervous system coordinates voluntary and involuntary actions and consists of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
• What is the function of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

  • Sympathetic nervous system: Prepares the body for “fight or flight.”
  • Parasympathetic nervous system: Calms the body, restoring it to a relaxed state.
• What is the role of the endocrine system in biopsychology?

  The endocrine system regulates bodily functions through hormones secreted by glands, working alongside the nervous system to control physiological processes.
• What is brain lateralization?

  Brain lateralization refers to the idea that different hemispheres of the brain are responsible for different functions, such as language (left hemisphere) and spatial abilities (right hemisphere).
• Classical conditioning, pioneered by Ivan Pavlov, involves associating an involuntary response with a stimulus, leading to a learned response.
• Operant conditioning, developed by B.F. Skinner, involves learning through reinforcement or punishment of behaviors.