an electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program. The first computer was invented by CharlesBabbage in 1882, to eliminate the risk of human error.
WHAT IS THE USE OF COMPUTERS?
to type documents, sendemail, play games, and browse the Web.
is for internet based activities
EXAMPLES OF COMPUTERS:
Desktop computers
Laptop
Servers
Mainframe
Smartphones
COMPUTERLITERACY
-is the knowledge and ability to use computers and related technology effectively, ranging from basic hardware and software use to programming and advanced problem solving.
FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER LITERACY
Basic Computer Operations
OperatingSystem Navigation
Software Applications
Internet and Web Browsing
Basic Troubleshooting
Security and Privacy
Digital Communication
WHAT IS ELECTRONICCOMMUNICATION?
REFERS TO THE TRANSFER OF KNOWLEDGE, IDEAS, DATA, OR MESSAGES THROUGH DIGITAL MEANS LIKE EMAIL, INSTANT MESSAGING, ONLINE CHAT ROOMS, SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS, AND VIDEO CONFERENCING TOOLS.
TYPES OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION
EMAIL
INSTANT MESSAGING
VIDEO CONFERENCING
SOCIAL MEDIA
FILETRANSFERPROTOCOL (FTP)
What is input?
Sends information to a computer system for processing
The primary purpose of input devices is to permit interaction between the user and the computer.
Examples of input devices:
keyboard
computer mouse
scanner
microphone
What is output device?
It is connected to a computer that receives incoming data.
e.g: monitor, printer, speakers and headphones, projector
What is systemsoftware?
is a program designed to run a computer's hardware and applications and manage its resources.
Types of system software:
Operatingsystem
Device drivers
Firmware
BIOS and UEFI
Utilities
Internet - is a global network of interconnected computers, servers, phones, and smart appliances that communicate with each other using the transmissioncontrolprotocol (TCP) standard to enable a fast exchange of information and files, along with other types of services.
The internet began as ARPANET, developed by the U.S. government's ARPA in 1969 to link research computers and ensure functionality even if parts of the network were damaged. In the 1970s, corporate packet networks emerged, replacing costly modem connections with virtual lines.
The internet is a vast, interconnected network of computers and other network-enabled devices, which is:
* Globally available
* Easy to use
* Compatible with other types of media
* Affordable
* Flexible
How the internet works.
Connecting computers
Scaling computer networks
Enabling infinite scaling
Utilizing ubiquitous public infrastructure via a modem
Sending messages from one network to another
Assigning domain name to IP addresses
Connected the internet to the web
Connecting the internet to private intranet or extranet
WORLD WIDE WEB
It is the fastest growing area of the Internet. The Web is an information space in which the items of interest, referred to as resources are identified by global identifiers called Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI).
The World Wide Web (WWW) is an information system that allows easy sharing of content over the Internet using Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Invented by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989 and public since 1991, it enables access to documents and media via web servers and browsers, using URLs for identification.
Web pages are typically formatted in HTML, supporting text, images, video, audio, and scripts. The Web is the main platform for global Internet interaction.
The Internet is a global system of computer networks interconnected through telecommunications and optical networking.
The World Wide Web is a global collection of documents and other resources, linked by hyperlinks and URIs. Web resources are accessed using HTTP or HTTPS, which are application-level Internet protocols that use the Internet's transport protocols.
Research basic guidelines to remember:
Narrow your research topic before logging on.
Don’t rely exclusively on Net resources.
Know your subject directories and search engines.
Double-check all URLs that you put in your paper.
Guidelines for evaluating specific resources you find on the Net:
Authority
Affiliation
Audience Level
Currency
Content Reliability/Accuracy
WHAT IS KEYBOARD?
is an input device used to enter characters and functions into the computer system by pressing buttons, or keys. It is the primary device used to enter text.
typically contains keys for individual letters, numbers and special characters, as well as keys for specific functions.
PARTS OF THE KEYBOARD
ALPHANUMERIC KEYS
CURSOR MOVEMENT KEYS OR ARROW KEYS
NUMERIC KEYS
FUNCTION KEYS
SPECIAL KEYS
PARTS OF THE KEYBOARD
A) function keys
B) alphabet keys
C) number and symbol keys
D) other keys
E) number keypad
SHIFT KEY
is pressed to change the alphabetic characters to the uppercase mode. The special characters on the upper part of the number keys or keys along the top row of the keyboard appear on the screen when being pressed with the shift key.
ENTER OR RETURN KEY
is the carriage return key. It is pressed if you want to go down to the next line. Or, it has a similar function that tells the computer that you are done entering the command or have completed a line of text.
CTRL OR CONTROL KEY
is similar to the shift key in that it is held down while you press another. The Control Key in conjunction with another key causes a different code to be sent to the computer. When pressed together with the alphabetic key, it enables the user to perform specific functions and commands.
ALT OR ALTERNATE KEY
is used in the same manner as the control key. When it is pressed together with the alphabet key, it enables the user to enter some of the basic keywords.
CAPSLOCK OR CAPITALLOCK KEY
locks, when pressed once, the characters A to Z in the uppercase position. While the CapsLock is on, letters may be shifted to lower case by pressing the shift key.
PRINTSCREEN KEY
is pressed once when you want to print a copy of what you want to see on the screen. The printer must be connected, its power turned on, and should be on line before you can print a screen.
BACKSPACE KEY
is pressed to move the cursor one character to the left while deleting the character. When the cursor is already at the far left edge of the screen, pressing the backspace key causes the cursor to move to the far right of the above line.
SPACEBAR
is pressed to enter a blank space on the screen instead of a character.
ESC OR ESCAPE KEY
is pressed in case of process interruption, it is used to go back to previous screen, application or to clear or reset a command.
TAB KEY
is usually used to move the cursor to the next tab stop at the right of the cursor's present position. It is labeled with two arrows, and when pressed along with shift key, this key causes to move one tab position to the left.
PAGEUP AND PAGEDOWN
are pressed to display screen information one screen up or one screen down.
DEL OR DELETE KEY
is used to delete character the cursor position; or it is used to delete characters to the right of the cursor while moving the cursor one space to the right.
INS OR INSERT KEY
allows you to insert characters to the left of the cursor when the insert mode is on.
HOME AND END KEYS
when pressed, cause the cursor to move to the top (home) or bottom (end) of the screen.