Martha Roger (Unitary Human Being)

• Who is the author of the Science of Unitary Human Beings?

  Martha Rogers
• What does the LIFE PROCESS MODEL emphasize?

  Interaction with the environment to achieve maximum health
• When was Martha Rogers born?

  May 12, 1914
• Where did Martha Rogers begin her college education?

  University of Tennessee
• What degree did Martha Rogers receive from Knoxville General Hospital School of Nursing?

  Nursing diploma
• What degree did Martha Rogers obtain from George Peabody College?

  BS degree
• What advanced degrees did Martha Rogers earn from Johns Hopkins University?

  MPH and ScD
• What was Rogers' early nursing practice focused on?

  Rural public health nursing
• What are the major concepts of Rogers' nursing model?

  • Wholeness
  • Openness
  • Unidirectionality
  • Pattern and organization
  • Sentience and thought
• How does Rogers describe human beings in her model?

  As dynamic energy fields integral with environmental fields
• What are the four building blocks of Rogers' model?

  Energy field, universe of open systems, pattern, and pan dimensionality
• What does pan dimensionality refer to in Rogers' model?

  A nonlinear domain without spatial or temporal attributes
• What is the fundamental unit of both living and nonliving according to Rogers?

  Energy field
• What are the two identified fields in Rogers' model?

  The human field and the environmental field
• How is the unitary human being defined in Rogers' model?

  As an irreducible, indivisible, pan dimensional energy field
• What does the environmental field represent in Rogers' model?

  An irreducible, pan dimensional energy field integral with the human field
• What does the universe of open systems concept entail?

  Energy fields are infinite, open, and integral with one another
• How does pattern relate to energy fields in Rogers' model?

  It identifies energy fields and is perceived as a single wave
• What does the principle of helicy describe?

  Spiral development in continuous, nonrepeating, and innovative patterning
• What does the principle of resonancy indicate?

  Patterning changes with development from lower to higher frequency
• What does integrality emphasize in Rogers' model?

  The continuous mutual process of person and environment
• What are the five basic assumptions of Rogers' model?

  1. The human being is a unified whole.
  2. Continuous exchange of matter and energy with the environment.
  3. Life processes evolve irreversibly along a space-time continuum.
  4. Patterns identify human beings and reflect their wholeness.
  5. Capacity for abstraction, imagery, language, thought, sensation, and emotion.