Kidney

• What is the total volume of water gained by the individual during the game?

  3400 cm³
• Why did the individual drink extra water during the game?

  To compensate for water losses
• What must happen to maintain water balance in the body?

  The total lost must also increase to 3400 cm³
• What type of urine do the kidneys produce when there is excess water in the body?

  A larger volume of dilute urine
• What are the main functions of the kidneys in the excretory system?

  • Remove wastes from the body
  • Carry out osmoregulation
• Through which artery does blood pass into each kidney?

  Renal artery
• What happens to the liquid portion of the blood when it reaches the cortex of the kidney?

  Much of it is filtered out
• Where does reabsorption of water and other substances occur in the kidney?

  In the medulla region
• What happens to excess water and dissolved substances in the kidneys?

  They pass into the urine
• Where does urine collect before being passed down the ureter?

  In the renal pelvis
• What is the function of the ureter?

  To carry urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder
• What is the function of the bladder?

  To store urine
• What is the function of the urethra?

  To pass urine out of the body
• What are the correct spellings of the terms related to the urinary system?

  • Ureter
  • Urethra
• What is the overall process of urine formation in the kidneys?

  1. Blood enters through the renal artery
  2. Filtration occurs in the cortex
  3. Reabsorption happens in the medulla
  4. Excess substances form urine
  5. Urine collects in the renal pelvis
  6. Urine travels down the ureter to the bladder
  7. Urine is stored in the bladder and expelled via the urethra