geo

• What is a natural hazard?

  A natural event that has the potential to threaten life and property
• What distinguishes a natural disaster from a natural hazard?

  A natural disaster involves significant loss of life and/or damage to infrastructure
• What are the types of natural hazards?

  • Geological: Earthquake, Volcano, Landslide, Sinkhole
  • Meteorological: Flooding, Hurricane, Tornado, Ice storm
  • Both: Avalanche, Tsunami, Forest fire, Drought
• What is the definition of risk?

  A situation involving exposure to danger
• What are the main layers of the Earth?

  • Crust
  • Mantle
  • Outer Core
  • Inner Core
• What is the composition of the Earth's crust?

  Granite and Basalt
• What is the state of the Earth's crust?

  Solid
• What is the thickness of the Earth's crust?

  1. 70 km
• What is the temperature of the Earth's mantle?

  1,000 C
• What is the state of the Earth's mantle?

  Solid
• What is the thickness of the Earth's mantle?

  2,900 km
• What is the composition of the outer core?

  Iron and Nickel
• What is the state of the outer core?

  Liquid
• What is the thickness of the outer core?

  2,250 km
• What is the temperature of the outer core?

  3,700 C
• What is the composition of the inner core?

  Iron and Nickel
• What is the state of the inner core?

  Solid
• What is the thickness of the inner core?

  1,220 km
• What is the temperature of the inner core?

  4,300 C
• How do convection currents move tectonic plates?

  • Heated mantle rises from the core
  • Cools as it moves away from the heat source
  • Sinks back down, creating a swirling motion
• What are the layers involved in convection currents?

  • Lithosphere
  • Asthenosphere
  • Mantle
  • Outer Core
• What is a volcano?

  A volcano is an opening in the Earth's crust that allows molten rock, ash, and gases to escape.
• What is a hurricane?

  A hurricane is a large tropical storm system with strong winds and heavy rain.
• What is a tornado?

  A tornado is a rapidly rotating column of air that extends from a thunderstorm to the ground.
• What is an ice storm?

  An ice storm is a type of winter storm characterized by freezing rain that coats surfaces with ice.
• What does risk refer to in the context of natural disasters?

  Risk refers to a situation involving exposure to danger.
• What are plate boundaries?

  Plate boundaries are the edges where two tectonic plates meet.
• Which ocean is mentioned in the study material?

  The Pacific Ocean is mentioned.
• What tectonic plate is the Nazca plate associated with?

  The Nazca plate is associated with the Pacific Ocean.
• What is the Eurasian plate?

  The Eurasian plate is a tectonic plate that includes parts of Europe and Asia.
• What is the Antarctic plate?

  The Antarctic plate is a tectonic plate that covers Antarctica and surrounding ocean areas.
• In which direction is the UK located in relation to the Eurasian plate?

  The UK is located on the Eurasian plate and not near a plate boundary.
• What are the characteristics of continental crust?

  Continental crust is older, less dense, and thicker than oceanic crust.
• What are the characteristics of oceanic crust?

  Oceanic crust is younger, denser, and thinner than continental crust.
• What is the inner core composed of?

  The inner core is composed of iron and nickel.
• What is the state of the inner core?

  The inner core is solid.
• What is the diameter of the inner core?

  The diameter of the inner core is approximately 1,220 km.
• What is the temperature of the inner core?

  The temperature of the inner core is approximately 4,300 C.
• What is the relationship between the location of volcanoes and earthquakes?

  • Volcanoes are mostly found along plate boundaries in linear clusters.
  • Many volcanoes are around the Pacific plate, with some anomalies in the center of plates.
  • Earthquakes are also mostly along plate boundaries in linear clusters.
  • They are more common on destructive and constructive plate boundaries, fewer in the center of plates.
• What are the types of plate boundaries and their characteristics?

  Types of plate boundaries:

  1. Destructive

  • Involves continental and oceanic plates.
  • Associated with convection currents and subduction.
  • Can lead to the formation of volcanoes and earthquakes.