Muscular system

• What happens when the fulcrum is closer to the effort than to the load?

  There will be a mechanical disadvantage and the output force will be less than the input force.
• What are the three parts of a lever system?

  • Effort
  • Fulcrum
  • Load
• How do muscles and bones work together in a lever system?

  A lever is a rigid body that converts a small force into a bigger force, known as mechanical advantage.
• In a first-class lever, where is the fulcrum positioned?

  The fulcrum is positioned between the effort and the load.
• What acts as the fulcrum when lifting your head to look up?

  The joint where your skull meets your spinal column acts as the fulcrum.
• What is the load when lifting your head?

  The weight of your head is the load.
• What provides the effort to lift your head?

  The muscles at the top of your neck provide the effort to lift your head.
• In a second-class lever, where is the load positioned?

  The load is positioned between the fulcrum and the effort.
• What acts as the fulcrum when you push off while jumping?

  The joints in your toes act as the fulcrum.
• What is the load when you push off while jumping?

  The weight of your body is the load.
• What provides the effort to lift your body when jumping?

  Your calf muscles provide the effort to lift your body.
• In a second-class lever, what is the mechanical advantage?

  There is always a mechanical advantage since the load is closer to the fulcrum than the effort.
• In a third-class lever, where is the effort positioned?

  The effort is positioned between the fulcrum and the load.
• What acts as the fulcrum when performing a biceps curl?

  Your elbow joint acts as the fulcrum.
• What is the load when performing a biceps curl?

  The weight of the dumbbell is the load.
• What provides the effort to lift the dumbbell during a biceps curl?

  Your biceps provide the effort to lift the dumbbell.
• In a third-class lever, what is the mechanical disadvantage?

  There is always a mechanical disadvantage since the effort is closer to the fulcrum than the load.
• What are the types of muscle contractions?

  • Concentric contraction: Muscle shortens as it contracts.
  • Eccentric contraction: Muscle lengthens but is still under tension.
  • Isometric contraction: Muscle remains the same length with no movement.
  • Isokinetic contraction: Speed of contraction remains constant.
• What is concentric contraction?

  It is when a muscle contracts and shortens.
• What is eccentric contraction?

  It is when a muscle contracts and lengthens to control the speed of movement.
• What is isometric contraction?

  It is when a muscle remains the same length with no movement as a result.
• What is isokinetic contraction?

  These contractions occur when the speed of the contraction remains constant.
• What is the function of the muscular system in facilitating and improving movement?

  • Muscles contract in different ways to produce a range of movements.
  • They help in controlling speed and improving posture and strength.