2.1.1 The Role of Enzymes

• What are enzymes classified as?

  Biological catalysts
• Why are enzymes considered biological?

  They function in living systems
• What is the role of enzymes as catalysts?

  They speed up chemical reactions without being used up
• What type of proteins are enzymes?

  Globular proteins
• What are the two structural forms of enzymes?

  Single polypeptide and multiple polypeptides
• What is a metabolic pathway?

  A series of biochemical reactions controlled by enzymes
• Why are enzymes essential for life?

  They catalyze virtually every metabolic reaction
• Where are enzymes produced?

  Inside cells via protein synthesis
• What distinguishes intracellular enzymes from extracellular enzymes?

  Intracellular enzymes act inside cells, extracellular outside
• What is an example of an intracellular enzyme?

  Catalase
• What does catalase do?

  Converts hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen
• What is an example of an extracellular enzyme?

  Amylase
• What is the function of amylase?

  Hydrolyzes starch into simple sugars
• Where is amylase secreted from?

  Salivary glands and pancreas
• Why do enzymes denature?

  Due to extremes of heat, temperature, or pH
• What is the importance of homeostasis for enzymes?

  It ensures enzymes can function properly