Perry et al (personal space)

    Cards (39)

    • What is the title of the study by Perry et al.?
      Don’t stand so close to me
    • What year was the study by Perry et al. published?
      2015
    • What is interpersonal distance?
      The distance between two people
    • What factors influence preferred interpersonal distance?
      Relationship, cultural, and personal factors
    • What is empathy?
      Understanding another person's thoughts and feelings
    • What are the two dimensions of empathy?
      Cognitive and affective empathy
    • What role does oxytocin play in social interactions?
      It acts as a neurotransmitter for bonding
    • What negative effects can oxytocin have according to research?
      Can lead to envy, risk aversion, and hostility
    • Who created the four zones of interpersonal distance?
      Hall
    • In what year did Hall create the zones of interpersonal distance?
      1966
    • What did Scheele find regarding oxytocin and interpersonal distance?
      It increased preferred distance from attractive females
    • What does the social salience hypothesis predict about oxytocin?
      It increases attention to social cues
    • What was the aim of the study?
      To investigate oxytocin's effect on interpersonal distance
    • What research method was used in the study?
      Laboratory experiment
    • What type of experimental design was used?
      Repeated measures
    • What were the independent variables in the experiment?
      Empathy, treatment, and condition
    • What were the dependent variables in the experiment?
      Preferred interpersonal distance and angles
    • How many participants were in the study?
      54 male undergraduate students
    • What was the age range of participants?
      19 to 32 years old
    • How was oxytocin administered to participants?
      Three droplets in each nostril
    • What did participants do while waiting after administration?
      Waited alone with nature magazines
    • What was the first experiment called?
      Comfortable Interpersonal Distance (CID)
    • How did participants measure interpersonal distance in Experiment 1?
      By pressing the spacebar to stop the protagonist
    • What was the second experiment about?
      Choosing rooms for a meeting
    • How were the room pairs presented to participants?
      As still colour images on a computer
    • What was the experimental condition in Experiment 2?
      Distance and angles between chairs
    • What was the control condition in Experiment 2?
      Distance and angle between table and plant
    • What was the preferred interpersonal distance for high empathy with oxytocin in CID?
      23.29 cm
    • What was the preferred interpersonal distance for low empathy with placebo in CID?
      26.98 cm
    • What ethical issue was present in Experiment 2?
      Deception about discussing personal topics
    • What is a strength of the study regarding standardization?
      High levels of standardization increase reliability
    • What is a strength of the study regarding validity?
      High validity due to double-masked procedure
    • What is a weakness of the IRI self-report method?
      It may be biased by social desirability
    • Why might the results lack generalizability?
      Only used male participants
    • What is a weakness regarding ecological validity?
      Used computer stimuli not real-life behaviors
    • What application issue is mentioned regarding oxytocin?
      It may not help those with social deficits
    • How does empathy level affect interpersonal distance preference?
      It impacts preference based on individual traits
    • What are the strengths and weaknesses of the study?
      Strengths:
      • High levels of standardization
      • High validity with double-masked procedure

      Weaknesses:
      • IRI self-report may be biased
      • Lacks generalizability beyond male sample
      • Low ecological validity with computer stimuli
    • What are the implications of oxytocin administration in social contexts?
      • May not assist individuals with social deficits
      • Individual empathy levels influence interpersonal distance
      • Social situations can promote oxytocin release
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