Oxidative phosphorylation

    Cards (51)

    • What happens to electrons in the electron transport chain?
      They are passed between four protein complexes
    • What is the role of the inner mitochondrial membrane in the electron transport chain?
      • It houses the electron transport chain complexes
      • It creates a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis
      • It is the site of oxidative phosphorylation
    • What is the result of electrons moving through the protein complexes?
      H+ ions are pumped to create a gradient
    • How does the electron transport chain differ between the intermembrane space and the inner mitochondrial membrane?
      • The intermembrane space contains NADH and FAD
      • The inner membrane contains the Cyt c and H+ ions
      • The inner membrane is where the redox reactions and ATP synthesis occur
    • What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
      H2O
    • What are the key steps of the mitochondrial chemiosmosis process?
      • Electron transport chain pumps H+ ions into the intermembrane space
      • This creates a proton gradient and electrochemical potential
      • ATP synthase uses this proton-motive force to drive ATP synthesis
    • What is the purpose of the proton gradient created by the electron transport chain?
      To drive ATP synthase and produce ATP
    • If the electron transport chain was disrupted, how would that affect cellular respiration?
      ATP production would be severely reduced or stopped
    • What are the main components of the electron transport chain?
      • NADH
      • FAD
      • Cyt c
      • H+
    • How does the electron transport chain relate to the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis?
      The electron transport chain provides the ATP and NADPH needed for the Calvin cycle
    • Why is the electron transport chain important for cellular respiration?
      It generates the proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis
    • What is the role of the proton gradient in the electron transport chain?
      It drives ATP production
    • What does the proton gradient drive in the electron transport chain?
      ATP production in chemiosmosis
    • What is the purpose of the mitochondrial intermembrane space shown in the image?
      It allows for the buildup of a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis
    • If the pH in the mitochondrial matrix was too high, how would this affect the process of ATP synthesis?
      It would reduce the proton gradient and decrease the rate of ATP synthesis
    • What is produced when H+ ions flow through ATP synthase?
      ATP from ADP and Pi
    • How does the pH and H+ concentration differ between the mitochondrial matrix and the intermembrane space?
      • Matrix has high pH and low H+ concentration
      • Intermembrane space has low pH and high H+ concentration
    • What is the role of the inner mitochondrial membrane in the mitochondrion?
      • It contains the electron transport chain and ATP synthase for oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP.
    • What happens to the stalk of ATP synthase as H+ ions flow through F0?
      The stalk rotates
    • What are the two main parts of ATP synthase and their functions?
      • F0:
      • Location: Membrane
      • Function: H+ channel
      • F1:
      • Location: Stalk
      • Function: ATP formation
    • How does the structure of the mitochondrion allow it to efficiently produce ATP?
      The inner membrane has a large surface area with the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to maximize ATP production
    • What is the process through which ATP synthesis occurs?
      Chemiosmosis
    • What is the role of ATP synthase in the mitochondrion?
      It uses the proton gradient to drive the phosphorylation of ADP and phosphate to produce ATP
    • What is the symbol for the hydrogen ion (H+) shown in the image?

      H+
    • What type of reactions occur in the electron transport chain?
      Redox reactions
    • How does the flow of H+ ions relate to energy production?
      It converts stored energy into useful work
    • What do electrons combine with at the end of the electron transport chain?
      Oxygen (O2) and H+
    • What are the main steps of the electron transport chain process?
      1. Electrons are passed between protein complexes.
      2. H+ ions are pumped from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
      3. A proton gradient is created.
      4. Electrons combine with O2 and H+ to form H2O.
      5. The proton gradient drives ATP production in chemiosmosis.
    • What is formed when electrons combine with oxygen and H+?
      Water (H2O)
    • What is the name of the electron carrier that is reduced in the electron transport chain?
      NADH
    • How does the proton gradient established across the inner mitochondrial membrane drive the production of ATP?
      The proton gradient provides the proton-motive force that powers ATP synthase to produce ATP
    • What is the name of the molecule that is produced in the matrix of the mitochondria?
      ATP
    • How does the electron transport chain produce ATP?
      • Electrons are passed through a series of redox reactions
      • This creates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane
      • The proton gradient drives ATP synthase to produce ATP
    • What is the purpose of the proton gradient (H+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
      • The proton gradient provides the driving force for ATP synthase to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
    • How does the mitochondrion use ADP and phosphate (P) to produce ATP?
      • The electron transport chain in the inner membrane pumps H+ ions into the intermembrane space, creating a proton gradient.
      • ATP synthase uses the proton gradient to drive the phosphorylation of ADP and P to produce ATP.
    • How do H+ ions contribute to ATP synthesis?
      They flow down their concentration gradient
    • How does the electron transport chain relate to the mitochondrial matrix?
      The matrix contains enzymes for the citric acid cycle that provide electrons to the chain
    • What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane?
      To pump H+ ions into the intermembrane space, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis
    • What is the role of ATP synthase in chemiosmosis?
      It allows H+ ions to flow back into the matrix
    • What are the main components of the mitochondrion shown in the image?
      • Intermembrane space
      • Inner mitochondrial membrane
      • Mitochondrial matrix
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