The alkali metals have one electron in their outer shell, represented by the electron configuration 2s1 3s1 4s1.
Group seven elements, known as the halogens, have one electron missing in their outer shell, represented by the electron configuration 2s2 2p5.
Group three elements have an ionization state of +3.
Group zero elements, also known as the inert gases or noble gases, have a full set of electrons and are not particularly bothered about forming any compounds.
The ionization state can be used to determine the formula for compounds, for example, lithium oxide is Li2O and magnesium oxide is MgO.
Group two elements have an ionization state of +2.
Ionic compounds such as lithium, sodium, and potassium want to get rid of an electron, resulting in an ionization state of +1.
The first 20 elements are crucial for BTEC Applied Science, A-level Physics, and GCSE Chemistry.
Learning the first 20 elements can be challenging, but it's worth it as they make up 90% of what is needed to know.
Hydrogen, although it's not a metal, is officially in group one but is drawn on its own due to its unique properties.
The first 20 elements are arranged in groups one through seven, with hydrogen being a special case.
Metals and non-metals are typically arranged on the periodic table, with metals on the left and non-metals on the right, excluding hydrogen.
About three-quarters of elements are metals, with the non-metals typically being located in the top right hand corner.
The atomic number or proton number is the number of protons in the nucleus of a neutral atom.
The relative atomic mass and the atomic number are often confused, but they are different numbers.
Group one metals, also known as the alkali metals, include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium.
Group one metals, also known as the alkali metals, react with water.